List of countries by length of highways. General data on the length of roads in the Russian Federation
1. Roads. Available only in Germany. Countrywide. Real, good, fast. Constructed by chords intersecting each other. Recommended speed 130 km/h. The maximum speed on highways is not limited. In Russia there are no roads, there are directions with potholes, potholes and traffic jams. The recommended speed on highways in Russia is 100 km/h. The maximum speed is 110 km/h, which it is better not to exceed for your own safety. The European Road Atlas considers only Novorizhskoye Highway and parts of the M4 Don toll highway to be motorways in Russia. All other roads do not match the quality of highways. The vast majority of roads pass through populated areas with the impossibility of bypassing them, which leads to numerous traffic jams and gas pollution. Total length of roads in Germany: 12,645 km of motorways out of 644,480 km of paved roads. The total length of roads in Russia: according to the website autotraveler.ru, there are no highways at all; 755,000 paved roads, 178,000 km of dirt (!) roads, a total of 933,000 km of “roads”. In Germany, unpaved roads are only available in fields. Compare the territory of Germany and Russia, the number of cars and the number of inhabitants, and it will immediately become clear why there are continuous traffic jams in Moscow.
2. Organization of traffic in case of repairs. In Germany, at least a kilometer away from the start of a repair section with a narrowing road, bollards with reflective elements are placed, allowing you to change lanes smoothly. Drivers are accompanied not only by speed limit signs and detour directions, but also by emoticons: with a sad smile - at 6 km of repair, with a neutral smile - at 4 km of repair, and with a joyful smile when there are only 2 km left until the end of the emergency section. There are also traffic lights powered by solar panels in emergency areas and electronic displays indicating that when the road narrows, you need to change lanes one at a time - one car from each lane. In Russia, most often the start of repairs is indicated by a KamAZ truck parked at night without lights right on the lane being repaired. Sometimes this KamAZ is marked with a sign with a blue arrow indicating the detour direction. In rare cases, this sign is luminous and can be seen from afar. Reflective elements are installed only on highways; I saw them in New Riga and again during the repair of the Don highway.
3. Road construction. In Germany, roads are built with cranes and other construction equipment; at a repair site of 2-3 kilometers you can meet 2-3 people monitoring the progress of construction and issuing instructions. In Russia, instead of one normal skating rink, they traditionally use 30 Tajiks, of which 27 look at each other and only three pretend to dig. I’m not even talking about the thickness of the concrete base on the highway. In Germany - 30 cm of a mixture of concrete and crushed stone over asphalt or concrete slabs. In Russia, asphalt is laid on a thin layer of sand. And then everyone is surprised - where does the track come from?
4. Cars. Probably all BMV X5 and Audi A8 are assembled in Moscow. The vast majority of German roads do not have expensive cars. These are ordinary middle-class cars that are far from fresh and have been driving on the roads for several years. Amazed big number“Fiats” from foreign cars for Germany. Of course, there are also expensive cars on the autobahn, but most often they are open-top convertibles or mini-Coopers. The most important thing is that a car for Germans is a means of transportation! How many people travel in station wagons or minivans with bicycles attached to the roof or back of the car! For Russians, a car is a show-off and an opportunity to stand out on the road.
5. Driving culture. For a week in Germany, not a single bastard expensive and/or fast car honked or blinked its headlights from behind. When the road narrowed, we were stuck in a traffic jam for about 20 minutes on the autobahn when three lanes turned into one. Not a single (!!!) car was driving along the side of the road on the right beyond the solid line! No one honked or cut anyone else off. Everyone drove slowly, but wedged one after another into the bottleneck. There is nothing to write about the driving culture in Russia, because there isn’t much of it. Just yesterday in one right lane they managed to line up in three rows! Land Rover always and everywhere goes where it wants and how it wants, without even turning on the turn signals, lumps on tinted “fives”, “tens” and “gazelles” drive without any rules at all, since in the car they talk to each other with their hands and mobile phone, buses always leave the stops without looking. Driving according to the rules in Germany is considered the norm, but in Russia it is considered normal to drive without any rules at all.
Conquering kilometers of roads is an exciting experience. Especially if the route has a modern surface and allows you to travel along the longest route without interference.
Today we offer the Top 10, which includes the longest highways in the world. Any of them has special meaning for those countries through whose territory it runs.
In terms of the total length of the road network, China ranks second in the world after the United States. The length of the main highway National Highway 010 is 5,700 km. The route begins in the northeast of the mainland and ends on Hainan Island, where cars are transported by ferry.
9. Route in the Tarim Desert, China
This highway is the longest road in the desert. The road is important for oil producers, who several years ago began to develop a large oil and gas field in the desert.
8. Interstate 90, USA
The American road network is the longest and most extensive on the planet. Interstate 90 starts at the Canadian border and ends in Boston. It is noteworthy that the highway passes through the longest pontoon bridge in the world. Most of There is a toll on the highway.
7. US Route 20, USA
The longest highway in the USA is 5,500 km long. The road connects the East Coast of the United States with the West. US Route 20 passes through the main national park Yellowstone.
6. Karakoram Highway, Pakistan-China
The route almost completely follows the route of the ancient Great Silk Road. The highway is the highest in the world. Almost 1,000 workers died while building the road due to the dangers in the cliffs.
5. Trans-Siberian Highway, Russia
Such a highway simply does not exist on official maps. However, if you combine several routes from the Baltic to Sea of Japan, you will get a single federal road with a length of 11,000 km.
4. Trans-Canada Highway, Canada
This highway connects 10 Canadian provinces. The length of the route is 8030 km. Having covered the entire route, you can get there from the coast Pacific Ocean right on the Atlantic coast. The road was built over 20 years.
3. Highway 1, Australia
Australia's main national highway stretches for a record 14,500 km. The route does not go deep into the continent, but always stretches along the coast. More than a million vehicles travel on Highway 1 every day.
2. Highway AH1, Japan - Türkiye
Asian Highway No. 1 is a special UN project for which billions of dollars have been allocated. The length of the route connecting Japan, both Koreas, Vietnam, Cambodia, Burma, India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Iran, Pakistan and Turkey is 20,557 km. Today, cars are transported from the Japanese part of the highway to the mainland by ferry, but an underwater tunnel project is being developed.
1. Pan American Highway, North and South America
The world's longest highway is included in the Guinness Book of Records. The length of the road is 48,000 km, it passes through the territory of 15 countries. Construction of the Pan-American Highway began in 1889. It is noteworthy that on the official maps of the USA and Canada there is no route called the “Pan-American Highway”, although in fact the road passes through the territory of these countries.
Length and density of roads
For Russian Federation characterized by low density highways, which amounts to:
67 km per 1000 km 2 of the country's territory;
8 km per 1000 inhabitants.
At the same time, the density of highways per 1000 km of the country's territory is 1800-1830 km in France and Germany, 1070-1175 km in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, India, 670 km in the USA, that is, 10-25 times more compared to the Russian Federation. In Russia, the length of paved roads over 1000 km of territory is 20 times lower than in Europe, and 10 times lower than in Canada. In terms of road density per 1000 inhabitants, Russia is 2-3 times inferior to the USA, France, Sweden, Finland and other countries.
According to Rosavtodor, the total length of the road network common use Federal, regional and local significance of the Russian Federation (that is, state-owned roads) in the new classification for 2006 is estimated at 1,145 thousand km.
In 2007, the length of public roads in the new classification in Russia amounted to 746 thousand km, according to Rosstat. Of these, with hard surfaces - 623 thousand km. 34 road routes of the European and Asian network of international highways with a total length of 32 thousand km pass through the territory of the Russian Federation.
The length of federal roads at the beginning of 2008 amounted to 48.8 thousand kilometers, this is less than 5% of the total length of the country’s road network, while federal roads accounted for more than 40 percent of all passenger and freight transport. By the end of 2008, approximately 350 km of new roads had been built and 5,000 existing roads had been repaired. The length of the public road network is growing slowly: in accordance with the federal target program "Modernization transport system Russia (2002-2010)" by 2010, the density of roads per 1000 inhabitants will practically remain at the level of 2006. At the same time, the level of motorization in the country will increase by one and a half times.
Rice. 1.
Source. According to Federal service state statistics of the Russian Federation (Rosstat).
Rice. 2.
Source. Rosavtodor.
Category 1 road is a road with a traffic intensity of more than 7,000 vehicles per day, a basic design speed of 150 km/h, an improved permanent surface, and a number of traffic lanes of 4 or more.
Category 2 road - a highway with a traffic intensity of 3000-7000 cars per day, a basic design speed of 120 km/h, an improved permanent surface, and a number of traffic lanes - 2.
Category 3 road - a highway with a traffic intensity of 1000-3000 cars per day, a basic design speed of 100 km/h, an improved lightweight surface, and a number of traffic lanes - 2.
Category 4 road - a highway with a traffic intensity of 200-1000 cars per day, a basic design speed of 80 km/h, an improved lightweight or transitional surface, and a number of traffic lanes - 2.
Category 5 road - a road with a traffic intensity of less than 200 cars per day, a basic design speed of 60 km/h, a transitional or lower surface, and the number of traffic lanes - 1.
General state territorial road network of Russia
The general condition of the territorial road network in Russia, according to Rosavtodor, is characterized by the following negative aspects:
The length of sections of territorial roads that do not meet regulatory requirements for transport and operational conditions is more than 76% of the total length of the network;
The lack of paved roads to small rural settlements causes additional costs for transportation on dirt roads, which are 3-4 times higher than on roads with better surfaces - the length of dirt roads is about 220 thousand km, traffic on these roads is difficult in the autumn-spring period, which causes significant losses for agricultural enterprises;
About 50 thousand settlements do not have year-round communication via paved roads, which leads to stagnation of production and outflow of population.
