Characteristics of the main characters of “The Captain's Daughter. Heroes of "The Captain's Daughter" Characteristics of all characters in the "Captain's Daughter"

To Chapter I

1. Select the necessary keywords to describe Andrei Petrovich Grinev, Avdotya Vasilievna, Savelich, Beaupre, Palashka.
2. What features characteristic of the noble life of the 18th century are recreated in Chapter I of the novel? How can one compare the nature of the upbringing of Petrusha Grinev and Mitrofanushka from the comedy by D.I. Fonvizin "Minor"?
3. What do you think is the central episode of Chapter I? What is its main meaning?

To Chapter II

1. Grinev could meet with Pugachev under various circumstances. On the pages of the novel, the meeting takes place as a result of a snowstorm. What is its symbolic meaning?
2. Read the lines that give a portrait of the “counselor.” Are there expressive means in Pushkin’s text that contribute to the greatest brightness of the portrait? What are these means? Pay attention to them. Recreate the portrait verbally.
3. How does Pyotr Grinev characterize the decision to give his “counselor” his rabbit sheepskin coat? Why didn’t Grinev listen to Savelich and insist on his decision?
4. Which word in Savelich’s remarks most accurately conveys his attitude to what is happening?
5. The German general does not understand the meaning of the words from Andrei Petrovich Grinev’s note “keep a tight rein.” What is the meaning of this catchphrase?

To Chapter III

1. What is Grinev’s first impression of the Belogorsk fortress? What surprised and amazed the young man?
2. How does the character of the fortress commandant appear from the details of his conversation with his subordinates, his wife, and the newly arrived officer?
3. Name the artistic means with the help of which the characters of Captain Mironov and his wife were recreated.
4. Name the most typical words and combinations of words characteristic of Captain Mironov’s speech.
5. What are the customs in the Mironov house? Is their characterization given by Shvabrin fair?

To Chapter IV

1. “...My life in the Belogorsk fortress became for me not only bearable, but even pleasant,” writes Pyotr Grinev at the beginning of the chapter. Why did the hero's mood change?
2. Tell us about Grinev’s activities in the fortress.
3. What is the climax of the chapter? Create a quotation plan to answer the question.
4. What is the reason for the fight and who initiated it?
5. What human qualities of Shvabrin are revealed in this chapter?

To Chapter V

1. Define the meaning of the word "barber".
2. Name the epithets that characterize the feelings of Masha Mironova and Pyotr Grinev. What other means of expression does Pushkin use when talking about the characters’ love?
3. Who and for what reasons told Grinev’s parents about his duel?
4. Why do you think Grinev’s parents refused Pyotr Andreevich parental blessing?
5. How does Masha characterize her reaction to the letter from Peter Grinev’s parents?
6. What qualities of Savelich’s character manifested themselves in his attitude to the events taking place?

To Chapter VI

1. The titles of the chapters very accurately reflect their content. What is the main meaning and what shades are contained in the title of Chapter VI - “Pugachevism”?
2. How accurate is the description of Pugachev given in the secret order from his superiors?
3. Describe the reaction to the impending events on the part of various characters located in the Belogorsk fortress. Make a thesis plan for your answer.
4. Which chapter episode made the most impression on you? Why?

To Chapter VII

1. Make a complex outline for the chapter “Attack.”
2. How do Captain Grinev, Mironov, Vasilisa Egorovna, Masha, Father Gerasim, Shvabrip behave on the eve of the decisive event and at the moment of storming the fortress?
3. Select epithets that characterize the behavior of the defenders of the fortress and the Pugachevites after the capture of the fortress.
4. At first glance, Pushkin does not comment on Shvabrip’s transition to Pugachev’s side. In what part of the novel do you think the writer’s position is contained, in what words is it expressed? As you think about this, think about the role of the epigraph to a novel.
5. The main elements of the plot in an epic work are the plot, the climax, and the denouement. What is the chapter “Attack”? Justify your answer.

To Chapter VIII

1. Read the fragment: “Left alone, I plunged into thought. What was I supposed to do? It was indecent for an officer to remain in a fortress subject to the villain, or to follow his gang. Duty demanded that I appear where my service could be useful to the fatherland in real, difficult circumstances... But love strongly advised me to stay with Marya Ivanovna and be her protector and patron. Although I foresaw a quick and undoubted change in circumstances, I still could not help but tremble, imagining the danger of her situation.”

   How do you evaluate the hero's decision and his analysis of the situation?

2. What is your attitude to Grinev’s behavior after the capture of the fortress?
3. Retell in detail the episode “Grinev with Pugachev and the Pugachevites.” What made the strongest impression on Grinev?

To Chapter IX

1. What could Pugachev’s order threaten Grinev with?
2. Why was Grinev frightened by the decision to make Shvabrin commandant of the fortress?
3. Describe the episode “Savelich’s Request.” How did his action make you feel? Write down the key words to answer the question.

To Chapter X

1. Is the Orenburg fortress ready to meet the forces of Pugachev?
2. How did Pushkin present the members of the council: the general, the officials?
3. “All the officials talked about the unreliability of the troops, about the unfaithfulness of luck, about caution and the like. Everyone believed that it was more prudent to remain under the cover of cannons behind a strong stone wall, rather than experience the happiness of weapons in an open field.” These statements are preceded by Grinev’s judgment: “All opinions turned out to be contrary to mine.” What was Grinev’s opinion? Why?
4. Based on Masha Mironova’s letter to Grinev, characterize the girl’s internal state. In the text of your story, enter words and phrases that convey her feelings and hope.

To Chapter XI

1. How do you evaluate Grinev’s decision to go to the fortress to save his beloved girl?
2. Grinev recalls: “... the society in which I so accidentally found myself greatly entertained my imagination.” Why do you think? Read fragments from the chapter in which portraits of Pugachev’s associates are given.
3. How does Pugachev characterize his attitude to the news of Shvabrin’s act?
4. Re-read the dialogue between Pugachev and Grinev, which took place on the way to the Belogorsk fortress. What details are most important for understanding the character and actions of Pugachev?
5. What is the meaning of the Kalmyk fairy tale? What is her role in the novel?

To Chapter XII

1. Describe the state and behavior of Pugachev, Shvabrin and Grinev at the beginning of the chapter.
2. What qualities of Pugachev’s personality are manifested in his decisions in relation to Masha Mironova, Shvabrin and Grinev?
3. Wanting to save Masha, Grinev turned to his superior for help, but was refused. The role of Masha’s savior (like Grinev’s) is the “peasant king” Pugachev. Why do you think this happens and what did Pushkin want to say?

To Chapter XIII

1. Can Grinev’s decision to send Masha to the village, accompanied by Savslich, be considered the only correct one? Justify your opinion.
2. Pushkin’s attitude to events was conveyed through Savelich’s perception. Why is this especially important for this situation?
3. With what feeling does Grinev think about Pugachev after the defeat of the rebel? In your answer, enter words from the text of the chapter.
4. Is Grinev’s arrest legal? Did you expect such a development in the plot? Justify your view of events.

To Chapter XIV

1. Grinev “decided to declare the real truth before the court, believing this method of justification to be the simplest, and at the same time the most reliable.” How do you feel about his decision?
2. Convey the contents of the court scene in detail according to a pre-planned plan.
3. Who was the cause of Grinev’s new trouble? Can this turn of events be called unexpected?
4. Assess Shvabrin's testimony at the trial. What do you see as the reason for his behavior?
5. Is Masha Mironova’s decision to go to St. Petersburg to save her loved one a gesture of despair, a last hope, or something else? Give a detailed answer.
6. During a meeting with the “lady,” Masha Mironova, telling her story, answers the question about the purpose of her enterprise: “I came to ask for mercy, not justice.” Why do you think she phrases her goal this way?
7. Why does the “lady” react so sharply to the mention of Grinev’s name?
8. Why do you think the Empress pardoned Grinev?

Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is the central character of the story “The Captain's Daughter”. Grinev’s whole life is an example of the behavior of a young man who early thought about his destiny, honor, dignity, and loyalty to his word. The life lessons that Andrei Petrovich’s son received, from the point of view of the modern reader, are very cruel and difficult. In fact, young Grinev was prepared to withstand the test of strength, to confirm the right to be called an officer, a man.

From the first pages of the story, Pyotr Grinev is described as a person brought up in an atmosphere of rigor and increased attention to the family’s reputation. This is the influence of the father. Peter was dearly loved by his mother, as the only surviving son, and this love for a long time protected him from all storms and adversity. Finally, the boy was greatly influenced by Arkhip Savelich, a former aspirant, an expert in oral folk art, well versed in horses and dogs, an intelligent, far-sighted and exceptionally devoted person to his family. He gave the barchuk freedom, and he grew up, “chasing pigeons and playing leapfrog with the yard boys.”

Thus, the formation of the personality of Pyotr Grinev took place under the influence of all these factors in combination.

To understand the image of the hero, it is necessary to carefully examine all stages of his biography.
There are at least four turning points when Peter had to make a decision to pass a kind of exam. The first key episode is the loss of a game of billiards to Captain Zurov. It is quite possible that the reveler Zurov would forgive the foolish child who played dangerously. Relying on this, the good-natured Savelich tearfully begs the young master not to compensate for the damage. But Grinev the man doesn’t need any concessions. He commits his first serious act: “The debt must be paid!”

The second key moment is a conversation with Shvabrin, from whose lips came insults against a chaste girl. Leaving such an act unnoticed is unmanly. Grinev stands up for Masha’s honor, and as a result receives a severe penetrating wound to the shoulder. The pages that describe Grinev, recovering from a serious illness, are truly touching.

The third important point: freeing the bride from captivity. No one was going to liberate the Belogorsk fortress, occupied by the rebels, but for Pyotr Grinev there are no barriers. He's hot and reckless in a good way.

Finally, the fourth episode. The defendant Grinev is threatened with being sent to eternal settlement in Siberia if he fails to justify himself. Helped the rebels? Spied for Pugachev?

Why did you meet with the chieftain of the robbers? Peter refuses to defend himself because he does not want to discredit or “tarnish” the name of the bride. He agrees to go to hard labor, but the daughter of Captain Mironov, who laid down his life for the Fatherland, will remain pure before people. He will not tolerate gossip.

Self-denial in the name of love, in the name of the highest justice, leads the young nobleman along the path of truth and forever takes him away from the crooked path of dishonor and oblivion. It is not for nothing that the image of Grinev in the story The Captain's Daughter is considered one of the most expressive in Russian fiction. He is able to excite readers and awaken a kind response in their souls in the 21st century.

"Captain's daughter" is a historical novel written in memoir form. In this novel, the author painted a picture of a spontaneous peasant revolt. Pushkin managed to convey to us many interesting facts from the history of Pugachev’s uprising.

Characteristics of the main characters of "The Captain's Daughter"

Description of the main characters of "The Captain's Daughter" will help you understand their character and the reasons for their actions.

The image of Pyotr Grinev “The Captain's Daughter”

Pyotr Andreevich Grinev is the main character of the story “The Captain's Daughter”. The son of a retired military man, a simple but honest man who puts honor above all else. The hero is raised by the serf Savelich, taught by Monsieur Beaupre. Until the age of 16, Peter lived as a small child, chasing pigeons.
His father cannot realize himself. I think this is how Pushkin leads the reader to the idea that Pyotr Andreevich could have lived the most ordinary life if not for his father’s will. Throughout the story, Peter changes, from a crazy boy he turns first into a young man asserting independence, and then into a courageous and persistent adult.
At the age of 16, he sends him with Savelich to the Belogorsk fortress, which is more like a village, so that he can “smell gunpowder.” In the fortress, Petrusha falls in love with Masha Mironova, which played an important role in the formation of his character. Grinev not only fell in love, but was ready to take full responsibility for his beloved. When he comes under siege by government troops, he sends Masha to her parents. When his beloved was left an orphan, Peter risked his life and honor, which is more important to him. He proved this during the capture of the Belogorsk fortress, when he refused the oath to Pugachev and any compromises with him, preferring death to the slightest deviation from the dictates of duty and honor. Finding himself in this critical situation, Grinev rapidly changes, grows spiritually and morally.
After meeting with Emelyan in the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev becomes more decisive and courageous. Peter is still young, so out of frivolity he does not think about how his behavior is assessed from the outside when they accept Pugachev’s help in freeing Marya Petrovna. For the sake of his love, he asks the general to give him fifty soldiers and permission to liberate the captured fortress. Having received a refusal, the young man does not fall into despair, but resolutely goes to Pugachev’s lair.

The image of Alexey Shvabrin “The Captain's Daughter”

Shvabrin Alexey Ivanovich is a nobleman, the antipode of Grinev in the story.
Shvabrin is dark, not good-looking, and lively. He has been serving in the Belogorsk fortress for five years. He was transferred here for “murder” (he stabbed a lieutenant to death in a duel). He is distinguished by mockery and even contempt (during his first meeting with Grinev, he very mockingly describes all the inhabitants of the fortress).
The hero is very smart. Undoubtedly, he is more educated than Grinev. Shvabrin courted Masha Mironova, but was refused. Not forgiving her for this, he, taking revenge on the girl, spreads dirty rumors about her (recommends Grinev to give her earrings, not a poem: “I know her character and customs from experience,” speaks of Masha as the last fool, etc.) All this speaks of the spiritual dishonor of the hero. During a duel with Grinev, who defended the honor of his beloved Masha, Shvabrin. stabs in the back (when the enemy looks back at the servant's call). Then the reader suspects Alesya of secretly informing Grinev’s parents about the duel. Because of this, Grinev’s father forbids him to marry Masha. The complete loss of ideas about honor leads Shvabrin to treason. He goes over to Pugachev’s side and becomes one of the commanders there. Using his power, Shvabrin tries to persuade Masha to an alliance, holding her captive. But when Pugachev, having learned about this, wants to punish Alexei, he lies at his feet. The hero's meanness turns into his shame. At the end of the story, having been captured by government troops, Shvabrin denounces Grinev. He claims that he also went over to Pugachev’s side. That is, in his meanness this hero reaches the end.

Image of Masha Mironova “The Captain's Daughter”

Masha Mironova is a young girl, the daughter of the commandant of the Belogorsk fortress. This is exactly what the author had in mind when giving the title to his story.
This image personifies high morality and spiritual purity. This detail is interesting: the story contains very few conversations, or Masha’s words at all. This is no coincidence, since the strength of this heroine is not in words, but in the fact that her words and actions are always unmistakable. All this testifies to the extraordinary integrity of Masha Mironova. Masha combines a high moral sense with simplicity. She immediately correctly assessed the human qualities of Shvabrin and Grinev. And in the days of trials, of which many befell her (the capture of the fortress by Pugachev, the death of both parents, captivity at Shvabrin), Masha maintains unshakable steadfastness and presence of mind, loyalty to her principles. Finally, at the end of the story, saving her beloved Grinev, Masha, as an equal, talks with the empress, whom she does not recognize, and even contradicts her. As a result, the heroine wins, freeing Grinev from prison. Thus, the captain’s daughter Masha Mironova is the bearer of the best features of the Russian national character.

Pugachev's image "The Captain's Daughter"

Pugachev Emelyan is the leader of the anti-noble uprising, calling himself the “great sovereign” Peter III.
This image in the story is multifaceted: P. is evil, and generous, and boastful, and wise, and disgusting, and omnipotent, and dependent on the opinions of those around him.
The image of P. is given in the story through the eyes of Grinev, an uninterested person. According to the author, this should ensure the objectivity of the hero’s presentation.
At the first meeting of Grinev with P., the rebel’s appearance is unremarkable: he is a 40-year-old man of average height, thin, broad-shouldered, with a gray-streaked black beard, shifty eyes, a pleasant, but roguish expression on his face.
The second meeting with P., in a besieged fortress, gives a different image. The impostor sits in chairs, then prances on horses surrounded by Cossacks. Here he cruelly and mercilessly deals with the defenders of the fortress who did not swear allegiance to him. One gets the feeling that P. is playing, portraying a “real sovereign.” He, from the royal hand, “executes like this, executes like this, shows mercy like this.”
And only during the third meeting with Grinev P. opens up completely. At the Cossack feast, the ferocity of the leader disappears. P. sings his favorite song (“Don’t make noise, mother green oak tree”) and tells a fairy tale about an eagle and a raven, which reflect the philosophy of the impostor. P. understands what a dangerous game he has started, and what the price will be if he loses. He doesn't trust anyone, not even his closest associates. But still he hopes for the best: “Isn’t there good luck for the daring?” But P.’s hopes are not justified. He is arrested and executed: “and he nodded his head, which a minute later, dead and bloody, was shown to the people.”
P. is inseparable from the popular element, he leads it behind him, but at the same time depends on it. It is no coincidence that the first time in the story he appears during a snowstorm, among which he easily finds his way. But, at the same time, he can no longer turn away from this path. The pacification of the riot is tantamount to P.'s death, which is what happens at the end of the story.

Having shown different worldviews belonging to different generations, having different positions in society, the author pointed out that honor and duty in life can be understood differently, in accordance with the era, a certain historical situation, but the main thing is the moral principle in the person himself.