What do Romanian names mean: interpretation and history of origin. Romanian male names. List, origin of Romania names

In this case, there are several types of borrowing names:

• from Slavic languages;
• from antiquity (Roman);
• from Christianity ( we're talking about about church calendars, all names are mainly Greek, Latin, Hebrew).

The most extensive group in the list of male Romanian names are borrowings from the Bible and from church books. Romanians “mastered” religion gradually. Unlike other Slavic peoples, Christianization in their area of ​​residence took place during the 3rd – 4th centuries (from the 9th to the 12th centuries). As a result of this, in the language one can observe the Hebrew Ion (“Yahweh is merciful”), the ancient Greek Gheorghe (“farmer”) and Vasile (“royal, royal”).

Romanian also adopted some of the South Slavic names during cohabitation with other nationalities until the 14th century, for example, Drag (translated as “dear”). Common Slavic roots are typical for words of this origin.

Another item on the list of borrowings is the arrangement of the names of Roman gods and epic heroes. Similar names appeared in Romanian due to the Europeans’ passion for ancient literature, theater and architecture. Examples: Ovidiu (from the Roman name Ovidius, probably translated as "sheep"), Liviu (from Livius, probably meaning "blue" or "envy").

There is also a group of ancient Romanian male names that are derived from the names of plants, animals, holidays and other phenomena. Take a look: Bujor - translated from Romanians. means “peony”, Ursu – translated as “bear”.

Features of Romanian male names and surnames

There are several anthroponymic factors that distinguish Romanians from other European nations.

Firstly, there is no special difference between the surname and given name (for example, Ion Petrescu - both names look like a given name). Structurally and morphologically, the first often coincides with the male name. For a person unfamiliar with the word order in a full name in various speech situations, determining the first and last name will be an impossible task.

The law is:

If the situation involves officialdom (documents) or it is ordinary spoken/written speech, then the surname is put first and then the name.

In common parlance or in books/magazines, the word order is reversed.

Another recognition method is to identify abbreviations in the text. It is the first letter with a dot at the end that means it refers to a boy's name.

The second feature is the abundance of diminutive names, often shortened names, which are used both in official and informal settings. For example, there is a name Paraschiv, short form which is Chivu. However, both forms are used in newspapers and on TV - Chivu Stoica (this is the name of the Romanian politician) and Paraschiv Vasilescu (this is the name of the general).

Conclusion

So, we examined the main channels of borrowing and origin of Romanian names for men. Now we can say with confidence that the anthroponymy of this language was influenced by relations with neighboring peoples living in adjacent areas, the adoption of Christianity and the medieval hobby ancient culture. Names from church calendars are still at the peak of popularity in Romanian; they are simple and understandable to any Slav.

If you have not yet decided which name to choose for your baby, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the list of names below.

The surname, as part of the full name, has a recent history in the world. Its consolidation in the documents of most countries began quite late, and its necessity, as Personal ID, gradually intensified due to internal migrations, the expansion of economic ties and the establishment of order in the institution of inheritance.

For the first time, surname as a mandatory identifier , appears in Italy after the corresponding decree of the Pope. This was due precisely to the growth of cities and the need to distinguish people with the same names. Later in France they took a similar step at the instigation of Catherine de Medici, and then the trend began to spread to other countries.

Despite the fact that this part of the full name is different countries has different roots and endings (the languages ​​are different), the same factors take part in their formation, the only question is the percentage of family names different categories. Where might the surname come from?

1. From the family name. These were usually worn by the elite;
2. On behalf of an ancestor. The patronymic turned into a surname;
3. From the profession of an ancestor;
4. From a place name that indicates where a person’s ancestor was from;
5. From the nickname;
6. By converting a foreign language various reasons(usually political) into the language of the country of residence.

Moldavian and Romanian surnames are no exception here, and we will talk about them today.

Types of Romanian names and surnames

We will use the word “Romanian” in relation to the entire group, since the national language of both Moldovans and Romanians is the same. I would like to warn you right away: the article does not have a political connotation.

Eastern Romanesque ethnic groups- Moldovans and Romanians are interesting because they are at the intersection of Western European and Byzantine traditions. Their ancestors, who belonged to the Thracian tribes of the Dacians and Getae, were conquered by the Roman emperor Trajan and Romanized, that is, they switched to colloquial Latin. On this basis, the Wallachian ethnic groups began to form.

The exoethnonym “Vlach” was once used in the meaning of “Roman” (speaking one of the Romance languages) in Russian chronicles. During the Great Migration, they experienced a strong Slavic influence, and later entered the sphere of influence of the Byzantine Empire and adopted Christianity of the Eastern (Orthodox) rite.

In this regard, the names of today's Moldovans and Romanians are mostly Christian, adapted to the peculiarities of the language.

The most common names among Romanians

Male names

IN lately The names Andrei, Stefan, David, Mihai, Ionuts, Daniel and a number of others are becoming popular.

Female names

Andrea, Alexandra, Denise, Bianca and double names. In Moldova characteristic feature female names is the existence of both Slavic and Romanesque names with the same meaning, for example:

Svetlana - Luminitsa

Nadezhda - Speranza

Classification of Romanian surnames by origin

The first similar surnames in the Wallachian and Moldavian principalities were acquired by representatives of the elite. The Wallachian principality was ruled by representatives of the Basarab family, and the Moldavian principality by the Mushatov.

Boyar aristocracy, which represented the top of the principalities, had a heterogeneous origin, both local and foreign - Greek, Russian (however, it was not completely foreign), Kipchak, Albanian. From here come the families of Ghika, Duka, Sturdza and others.

It would be a stretch to call them full surnames - their representatives could change them in different circumstances. Thus, during the rule of the Turks, the aristocracy often “Turkishized” their family name using the prefixes kara- and the suffix -oglo (I remember the hero of the second part “ Dead souls» Konstanjoglo), and after liberation from the Ottoman Empire the surname acquired the patronymic suffix -esku or upon acquisition of citizenship Russian Empire-ov (Kheraskov, for example).

Also, the descendants of the Phanariots, the Constantinople Greeks who accepted Ottoman citizenship and were used by the imperial authorities in various local and clerical positions, joined the aristocracy. They got their name from the Greek district of Istanbul - Phanar. The Phanariot genera include Mavrocordato, Muruzi, Katakazi, and Ypsilanti.

The majority of the population of pre-industrial states were peasants, and surnames of peasant origin rarely have any suffixes. Most often they come from the name or nickname of an ancestor, as well as from the area from which the ancestor came. Urban professions are reflected in the names of city residents.

Very often Romanian and Moldovan surname indistinguishable from the name, especially in villages. Sometimes it comes from a name in a diminutive or some other evaluative form.

Romanian family suffixes

Unsuffixed surnames

Common in rural areas and among people from it. Occur most often from a name or nickname. Examples:

• Iancu, Dimitru, Ion, Ilie (from names)
• Ilinca, Ionel, Nitu (from modified names)
• Rusă, Turcu, Tătaru, Sîrbu (ancestor was a foreigner)
• Lupu, Neagu, Dabija (from nicknames)

-eanu

In some ways this suffix similar to Russian -yanin. Examples:

• Munteanu (either a man from the mountains, or - for Moldovans - a man from Wallachia)
• Braileanu (from Braila)
• Ungareanu (ancestor came from Hungary)
• Brașoveanu (from Brasov)

Sometimes a similar suffix was added to the original foreign names for the purpose of adaptation in a foreign language environment. So, the name of director Emil Loteanu is one of those. His ancestors from the Chernivtsi region were Lototsky, and when Bukovina was part of Romania, they became Loteanu. Sometimes this suffix occurs in surnames of Armenian origin (due to phonetic similarity).

-ea and -oiu

This group comes from one of the forms of the noun (verbal, possessive), there are many of them in Moldova and in Romanian villages.

Oprea, Ciurea, Vladoui, Lupea, Miroiu, Filipoiu

-aru

Most often these are “professionalisms”.

Spătaru, Rotaru, Fieraru, Pantofaru, Olaru.

-escu

This suffix is ​​found in all Romance languages ​​and dates back to Latin language. There is more than one version about its origin (Greek, Ligurian, mixed), but the fact remains: this suffix formed adjectives, and in the Romanian language it became patronymic. He became popular among the elite and was initially found only among her; later city residents began to acquire surnames from this group. In rural areas it is less common.

It was also joined by people of non-Romanian origin in the 19th - early 20th centuries who lived on the national outskirts, for example, residents of the north of Bukovina and Bulgarians in the south. Listening examples:

Petrescu, Vasilescu, Ionescu, Ceaușescu, Popescu, Pârvulescu, Cristescu

Spread of surnames

Below we present two lists of the most popular Romanian and Moldovan surnames.

Romanian

Moldavian

As can be seen from the list, in Romania most common surnames- Popescu and Popa (in Russian this is approximately like “popovich” and “pop”), and in Moldova - Rusu (apparently a native of Russia). You can also notice that Moldovans often acquired the Russian ending -рь instead of the traditional -ru.

Romanian surnames, male and female, have the property of immutability. Therefore, if you see a man with a feminine name, it is most likely a surname. This can be confusing if you are used to it being placed after your name - Romanians do the opposite. Sometimes initialization can help, because usually initials are put instead of a name.

were strongly influenced by the Russian language and culture, and therefore can be distinguished from Romanian ones, although under the influence of unionism the situation may change.

On the Internet you can find more than forty thousand Romanian surnames, a list in alphabetical order, as well as features of their transliteration from Cyrillic to Latin.

Attention, TODAY only!

The modern Romanian anthroponymic model is binary: it consists of a first name (Romanian rgepite) and a surname (Romanian pite de famille or simply pite), for example: Ion Petrescu, Maria Petrescu. This word order, characteristic of the anthroponymy of most European languages, is found either in common speech or among intellectuals, that is. in the speech of writers, scientists, artists. This arrangement of words is also accepted in the language of newspapers, magazines, and on book covers (for example, Eugen Barbu, Maria Popescu). But in mass urban spoken and written speech, however, the reverse order prevails (Petrescu Ion, Petrescu Maria), spreading under the influence of alphabetical lists (payslips, class magazines, various kinds of registers) and official documents where the surname precedes the given name.

Since in Romanian anthroponymy the surname is often structurally the same as the male given name, without being morphologically different from the latter, and both word orders are widespread, it is sometimes difficult to determine which anthroponym is a surname and which a given name: for example, Ignat Andrei, Isac Vasile. In such cases, initials (if they appear with surnames) serve as the only way to recognize names (since in official speech only names are indicated by initials), for example: L. Andrei or A. Ignat. Initials sometimes convey the father's name, which, however, is not an element of the name of the person, for example: Nicolae A. Constantinescu - N. A. Constantinescu.

There is not a single undoubtedly inherited name left from the Latin language in modern Romanian anthroponymy. Most of the current Romanian names are Greek, Latin and Hebrew in origin, penetrating mainly through Church Slavonic, which for a long time was the language of Romanian Orthodox Church and official business and legal proceedings. All such names, of course, are calendar (hagiographic) and are characterized by the highest frequency. Typical in this regard are, for example, Ion with the book variant loan (like the Russian Ivan, this is the most common male name), Nicolae, Vasile, Georghe, Hie, Petru (Petre), Grigore, Constantin, Pavel (and the neologism Paul), Alexandru , Simion, Toma, Andrei, Michai (with the book version Michait), Stefan, Lica, Maria (the most common female name), Ana, Elisaveta (Elisabetha), Ioana, Elena, Paraschiva, Vasilica, Ecaterina.

During the Middle Ages, names of South Slavic origin penetrated, which, in turn, took a strong place in Romanian anthroponymy: Bogdan, Dobre, Dragu, Dragomir, Nea-goe, Pirvu, Radu, Stan, Vlad, etc. Names of other origin: Turkic (such as Asian ), Hungarian (like Mogos), Modern Greek (Epe), make up a small proportion of all names, and from the point of view of frequency they can be neglected. The passion for ancient history, literature and mythology in the 19th-20th centuries left, especially in the Transylvanian part of the Romanian area, such “traces” in the anthroponymy of the Romanians as Cicerone, Liviu, Marias, Traian, Virgil ( male names); Aurora, Cornelia, Flora, Laura, Livia, Silvia, Stela, Victoria (female names), and such anthroponyms are already common even among the rural population. In the last two centuries, certain Western European names like Ernest, Jean, Richard, Robert have become somewhat widespread.

All the above borrowed names are opposed by a relatively large group of proper Romanian names of appellative origin, formed from the names of plants (Bujor, Busuioc, Rodica), animals (Lupu, Ursu.Mioara, Pucia), holidays (Craciun, Pascu, Florea, Eloarea) or from various other common names (Norocel, Soare, Doina, Luminita).
In recent decades, double female names have begun to spread, especially in cities: Ana-Maria, Mariana-Rodica, Maria-Paula. The word-formation feature of a number of feminine forms is their emergence by suffixation on the basis of the corresponding masculine forms: Adrian(a), Florin(a), Ceza-rin(a), Severin(a).

Both from men's and from. female names are formed by subjectively evaluative forms: hypocoristics (by abbreviation) such as Lache (Michalache), Veta (Elisaveta) and especially diminutives (by suffixation), that is, Jonel (Jon), Petrica (Petre), Victoras (Victor), Marioara (Maria) , Irinuca (Irina), and sometimes such forms act as official (passport) names, for example: Ionel Teodorescu.

Like other peoples, among Romanians the formulas of address depend directly on the nature of the speech situation. In family and everyday communication, they most often use names in the vocative form (Ioane, Petre, Apo, Mario) or subjective evaluative forms in the same form (Ionica, Retrica, Anisoaro, Maricaro). In a familiar and friendly atmosphere, sometimes they resort to the vocative form of surnames (Ionescule, Рopescule), which, as a rule, has a colloquially rude connotation. In an official speech, the interlocutor is addressed by his last name, to which the positive vocative form domnule “master”, doamna “mistress”, domnisoara (duduie) “girl” is necessarily added, for example, domnule Ignat, doamna Ignat, domnisoara Ignat (with meeting on the street, in institutions). While maintaining the specified structure, the surname can be replaced by the name of the corresponding profession: tovarase director, tovarasa director; Domnule doctor, doamna doctor.

The surname or job title is sometimes omitted (if they are unknown to the interlocutor, and also for the sake of brevity), as a result of which the address is expressed in only one common noun: tovarase - tovarasi, domnule - do mni lor, doamna - doamnelor (with the meaning “girl”, “girls”, respectively “young lady”, “young ladies”).

A correctly chosen name has a strong positive impact on a person’s character, aura and destiny. Actively helps to develop, forms positive qualities of character and condition, strengthens health, removes various negative programs of the unconscious. But how to choose the perfect name?

Despite the fact that in culture there are poetic interpretations of what women's names mean, in reality the influence of the name on each girl is individual.

Sometimes parents try to choose a name before birth, preventing the child from developing. Attempts to use astrology are no longer applicable; astrology and numerology for choosing a name have squandered all serious knowledge about the influence of a name on fate over the centuries.

Christmastide calendars, holy people, without consulting a seeing, perspicacious specialist, do not provide any real assistance in assessing the influence of names on the fate of a child.

Popular lists, happy, beautiful, melodious female names are essentially generalizations, and completely turn a blind eye to the individuality, energy, and soul of the child.

Beautiful and modern Romanian names should first of all suit the child, and not the relative external criteria of beauty and fashion. Who don't care about your child's life.

Various characteristics according to statistics - positive traits name, negative traits name, choice of profession by name, influence of a name on business, influence of a name on health, psychology of a name can only be considered in the context of a deep analysis of the character, energy structure, task for life and gender of a particular child.

Name Compatibility Topic(and not the characters of people) is an absurdity that turns the interaction inside out different people internal mechanisms of influence of a name on the state of its bearer. And it cancels the entire psyche, unconscious, energy and behavior of people. Reduces the entire multidimensionality of human interaction to one false characteristic.

Name meaning does not give full impact, it is only a small part of the impact. For example Lyuba (love) this does not mean that the girl will be happy in family life, and bearers of other names are unhappy. The name can weaken her health, block her heart center and she will not be able to give and receive love. On the contrary, another girl will be helped to solve problems related to love or family, which will make life and achieving goals much easier. The third girl may not have any effect at all, whether there is a name or not. Etc. Moreover, all these children can be born on the same day. And have the same astrological, numerological and other characteristics. And the same name. But fates are different.

The most popular Romanian names for girls are also misleading. 95% of girls are called names that do not make their fate easier. You can only focus on the child’s innate character, spiritual vision and the wisdom of a specialist. And experience, experience and once again the experience of understanding what is happening.

The secret of a woman's name, as a program of the unconscious, a sound wave, vibration is revealed in a special bouquet primarily in a person, and not in the semantic meaning and characteristics of a name. And if this name destroys a child, then no matter how beautiful, melodious with the patronymic, astrologically accurate, blissful it is, it will still be harmful, destroy character, complicate life and burden fate.

Below is a list of Romanian names. Try to choose several that you think are most suitable for your child. Then, if you are interested in the effectiveness of the name’s influence on fate, .

List of female Romanian names in alphabetical order:

Ionela - good god
Alexandreina - protector of humanity
Alina - calming
Andria - human, warrior
Anka - benefit, grace

Bogden - a gift from God
Bogna - a gift from God

Vaiorika - bell
Violeta - violet or violet flower
Vadoma - knowledge
Violet - violet or violet flower
Violet - violet or violet flower

Dana - a gift from God
Jaell - wild goat
Georgeta - peasant woman
Jofranca - free
Dika - from Magdala
Doina - folk song
Donka - invaluable
Dorina - from the Doric tribe
Drina - their Hadria
Dakiena - she-wolf

Ilina - torch, moon or secretly escape
Ilinka - God - My God
Ioana - good god
Juliana - youth
Julia - youth

Kizzy - cinnamon tree
Constanta - sustainable
Kosmina - order, beauty
Krina - lily
Camellia - guardian

Lala - tulip
Lenuta - torch, moon or secretly escape
Luminita - small, light
Lulaja - flower of life
Luminitsa - small, light
Lyuba - love
Lyubitshka - love

Mala - necklace
Mirela - amazing
Miruna - peace
Michaela - who is like God?
Madelina - from Magdel

Nadya - hope
Narkisa - insensitivity, sleep
Nikoleta - victory of the people

Ohana - good god

Rodica - fertile
Ruxendra - dawn

Simza - joy
Stanka is a great government
Sorina - sun
Stela - star
Stefania - crown
Sanda - protector of humanity

Talaita - little girl
Tsera - light of dawn
Tseritsa - light of dawn
Tshilaba - seeker of knowledge

Fifika - it will increase
Florica - flower

Shofranca - free

Eish - alive
Ekaterina - pure
Elizabeth - God is my oath
Esmerolda - emerald

Destiny is character. Character is adjusted, including through thoughts. The most important idea is the name. The name introduces changes in character. Then the character changes fate and future. Since all people are different, any generalizations that ignore a person’s individuality are incorrect.

How to choose the right, strong and suitable name for a child in 2019?

Neurosemiotics of the name
Yours, Leonard Boyard
Switch to the value of life

Oleg and Valentina Svetovid are mystics, specialists in esotericism and occultism, authors of 15 books.

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Romanian and Moldovan names – names used in Romania and Moldova can be divided into several groups:

Names religious origin(biblical names).

Names borrowed from Slavic languages.

Names derived from Romanian words.

Names borrowed from related Romance languages ​​(mainly Italian and Spanish).

Ancient Roman names.

And others.

Romanian and Moldovan male names