Where did Stolz go? Why did Goncharov say that “Stolz could have been close to Oblomov”? Lesson-research. This kind of friendship is very important

Why are Stolz and Oblomov friends?

The idea for the novel “Oblomov” arose towards the end of the 50s of the 19th century, at the same time Goncharov published the chapter “Oblomov’s Dream” in his “Literary Collection with Illustrations,” which later became the compositional center of the work. The novel was published in its entirety in 1859 in the journal Otechestvennye zapiski.

Goncharov’s entire work is built on an antithesis, which helped the author to better reveal the characters’ characters and reveal the author’s intention. The novel contrasts the central characters - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Ivanovich Stolts.

From the first pages of the novel, starting with the portrait characteristics of the heroes, the reader notices the difference between them. The antipode of the “flabby beyond his years,” bored and apathetic Oblomov is Stolz, all made up of “bones, muscles and nerves,” energetic and calculating. However, despite all the differences between the heroes, the friendship of Oblomov and Stolz lasts for many years. What is the reason for the close friendship of the heroes?

The secret of the long friendship between Oblomov and Stolz, first of all, lies in the fact that the heroes have known each other since childhood. Goncharov shows how the years of childhood and general study bring such different characters together: “...they were connected by childhood and school - two strong springs.” Drawing pictures of life in Oblomovka, the writer draws attention to scenes of children playing together and notes that Stolz was accepted into the Oblomov family as one of his own. Being a naturally inquisitive and active boy, Oblomov enjoys exploring the world around him with Stolz. According to Goncharov, it is the difference in upbringing that determines the different development of characters. In the composition “Oblomov’s Dream”, a large place is devoted to the school years of the heroes: if Oblomov’s parents left the child at home at every opportunity and spoiled him, then Stolz’s father taught Andrei to work and earn money from an early age, instilled in him hard work and determination.

The relationship between Stolz and Oblomov continues into adulthood, remaining as trusting as in childhood. The reason for this is the ability to appreciate each other's best qualities. Stolz, despite Oblomov’s apathy and laziness, saw in him his “pure”, “crystal” soul. Oblomov, in turn, sincerely appreciates Stolz’s best traits: efficiency, deep intelligence, decency. Ilya Ilyich, escaping from real life into the wonderful world of dreams, and the rational, controlling Andrei Stolts find in each other those qualities that they cannot reveal in themselves.

The friendship of the heroes is built not only on mutual understanding and empathy, but also on mutual assistance. It is Stolz’s arrival that brings variety to Oblomov’s life, introduces him to Olga Ilyinskaya and thereby contributes to the transformation of Ilya Ilyich. In turn, only next to Oblomov does Stolz find peace of mind, calmness, and can reflect on the meaning of life. In the episode of the heroes' argument (part 2, chapter 4), the worldview of each of them is revealed. To Oblomov’s thoughts about the meaninglessness and emptiness of social life and romantic dreams of life in the village, Stolz exclaims: “Yes, you are a poet, Ilya!” This is how Stolz recognizes the spiritual beauty and sublimity of his friend.

Goncharov reveals the theme of friendship in the novel “Oblomov” using the example of the relationship between two heroes, whose characters and lifestyles are opposed to each other. However, the differences between Oblomov and Stolz are only external, since both heroes are individuals who are in constant search of their own “I”, but have never been able to fully reveal themselves and realize their full potential. The images of the heroes are dramatic, since neither the constantly active, calculating Stolz, nor Oblomov, who lives in illusions, find harmony between the two main principles - rational and sensual. This leads to the death of Ilya Ilyich and Stolz's internal conflict.

The image of Stolz in the novel “Oblomov” by Goncharov is the second central male character of the novel, who is by nature the antipode of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Andrei Ivanovich stands out from other characters with his activity, determination, rationality, internal and external strength - as if he was “composed of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blooded English horse.” Even the portrait of a man is the complete opposite of Oblomov’s portrait. The hero Stolz is deprived of the external roundness and softness inherent in Ilya Ilyich - he is distinguished by an even complexion, slight dark complexion and the absence of any blush. Andrey Ivanovich attracts with his extroversion, optimism and intelligence. Stolz is constantly looking to the future, which seems to elevate him above other characters in the novel.

According to the plot of the work, Stolz is Oblomov’s best friend Ilya, whom the main character met during his school years. Apparently, at that moment they already felt a like-minded person in each other, although their characters and destinies were radically different from their youth.

Education of Stolz

The reader becomes acquainted with the characterization of Stolz in the novel “Oblomov” in the second part of the work. The hero was brought up in the family of a German entrepreneur and an impoverished Russian noblewoman. From his father, Stolz adopted all the rationalism, rigor of character, determination, understanding of work as the basis of life, as well as the entrepreneurial spirit inherent in the German people. His mother nurtured in Andrei Ivanovich a love of art and books, and dreamed of seeing him as a brilliant socialite. In addition, little Andrei himself was a very curious and active child - he wanted to learn as much as possible about the world around him, so he not only quickly absorbed everything that his father and mother instilled in him, but he himself did not stop learning new things, which was facilitated by a fairly democratic situation in the house.

The young man was not in an atmosphere of excessive guardianship, like Oblomov, and any of his antics (such as moments when he could leave home for several days) were perceived calmly by his parents, which contributed to his development as an independent person. This was largely facilitated by Stolz’s father, who believed that you need to achieve everything in life through your own labor, so he encouraged this quality in his son in every possible way. Even when Andrei Ivanovich returned to his native Verkhlevo after university, his father sent him to St. Petersburg so that he could make his own way in life. And Andrei Ivanovich succeeded perfectly - at the time of the events described in the novel, Stolz was already a significant figure in St. Petersburg, a well-known socialite and an irreplaceable person in the service. His life is depicted as a constant striving forward, a continuous race for new and new achievements, the opportunity to become better, taller and more influential than others. That is, on the one hand, Stolz fully justifies his mother’s dreams, becoming a wealthy, well-known person in social circles, and on the other hand, he becomes his father’s ideal - a person who is rapidly building his career and reaching ever greater heights in his business.

Stolz's friendship

Friendship for Stolz was one of the important aspects of his life. The hero’s activity, optimism and sharp mind attracted other people to him. However, Andrei Ivanovich was drawn only to sincere, decent, open individuals. The sincere, kind, peaceful Ilya Ilyich and the harmonious, artistic, intelligent Olga were precisely such people for Stolz.
Unlike Oblomov and his friends, who looked to Andrei Ivanovich for external support, real help and a sound, rational opinion, Stolz’s close people helped him regain his inner balance and calm, often lost by the hero in the continuous race forward. Even that “Oblomovism,” which Andrei Ivanovich condemned in every possible way in Ilya Ilyich and tried to remove from his life, since he considered it a destructive life phenomenon, actually attracted the hero with its monotony, sleepy regularity and serenity, rejection of the bustle of the outside world and immersion in the monotony of a family, but in its own way happy life. It was as if Stolz’s Russian beginning, pushed back by the activity of German blood, reminded of itself, tying Andrei Ivanovich to people with a truly Russian mentality - dreamy, kind and sincere.

Love Stolts

Despite the extremely positive characterization of Stolz in Oblomov, his practical knowledge of all matters, his sharp mind and insight, there was a sphere inaccessible to Andrei Ivanovich - the sphere of high feelings, passions and dreams. Moreover, Stolz was afraid and wary of everything incomprehensible to reason, since he could not always find a rational explanation for it. This was also reflected in Andrei Ivanovich’s feelings for Olga - it would seem that they had found true family happiness, having found a soul mate who completely shared the views and aspirations of the other. However, the rational Stolz could not become the “Prince Charming” of Olga, who dreams of seeing a truly ideal man next to her - smart, active, established in society and career, and at the same time sensitive, dreamy and tenderly loving.

Andrei Ivanovich subconsciously understands that he cannot give what Olga loved in Oblomov, and therefore their marriage remains more of a strong friendship than a union of two flaming hearts. For Stolz, his wife was a pale reflection of his ideal woman. He understood that next to Olga he could not relax, show his powerlessness in anything, since he could thereby violate his wife’s faith in him as a man, a husband, and their crystal happiness would be broken into small fragments.

Conclusion

According to many researchers, the image of Andrei Stolz in the novel “Oblomov” is depicted as if in sketches, and the hero himself is more like a mechanism, a semblance of a living person. At the same time, in comparison with Oblomov, Stolz could become the ideal of the author, a model person for many future generations, because Andrei Ivanovich had everything for harmonious development and a successful, happy future - an excellent all-round upbringing, determination and enterprise.

What is Stolz's problem? Why does he evoke sympathy rather than admiration? In the novel, Andrei Ivanovich, like Oblomov, is a “superfluous person” - a person who lives in the future and does not know how to enjoy the joys of the present. Moreover, Stolz has no place either in the past or in the future, since he does not understand the true goals of his movement, which he simply does not have time to understand. In fact, all his aspirations and searches are directed towards the “Oblomovism” he denies and condemns - a center of calm and tranquility, a place where he will be accepted for who he is, as Oblomov did.

Work test

STOLTZ

STOLTZ is the central character of I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” (1848-1859). Literary sources of the image of Sh. are Gogol’s Konstanjonglo and the merchant Murazov (second volume of “Dead Souls”), Pyotr Aduev (“Ordinary History”). Later, Sh. Goncharov developed the type in the image of Tushin (“Cliff”).

Sh. is the antipode of Oblomov, a positive type of practical figure. In the image of Sh., according to Goncharov’s plan, such opposing qualities as, on the one hand, sobriety, prudence, efficiency, knowledge of people as a materialist-practitioner should have been harmoniously combined; on the other hand, spiritual subtlety, aesthetic sensitivity, high spiritual aspirations, poetry. The image of Sh. is thus created by these two mutually exclusive elements: the first comes from his father, a pedantic, stern, rude German (“his father put him on a spring cart, gave him the reins and ordered him to be taken to the factory, then to the fields, then to the city , to merchants, to public places"); the second - from her mother, a Russian, poetic and sentimental nature (“she rushed to cut Andryusha’s nails, curl his curls, sew elegant collars and shirtfronts<...>, sang to him about flowers, about the poetry of life<...>I dreamed of a high role with him..."). The mother was afraid that Sh., under the influence of his father, would become a rude burgher, but Sh.’s Russian entourage prevented him (“Oblomovka was nearby: there is an eternal holiday!”), as well as the princely castle in Verkhlev with portraits of pampered and proud nobles “in brocade, velvet and lace." “On the one hand, Oblomovka, on the other, the princely castle, with a wide expanse of lordly life, met the German element, and neither a good bursh nor even a philistine came out of Andrei.”

Sh., in contrast to Oblomov, makes his own way in life. It is not for nothing that Sh. comes from the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of an estate). Sh. graduates from the university with flying colors, successfully serves, retires to take care of his own business; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that ships goods abroad; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, and throughout Russia. Sh.'s image is built on the basis of the idea of ​​balance, harmonious correspondence between the physical and spiritual, mind and feeling, suffering and pleasure. The ideal of Sh. is measure and harmony in work, life, rest, love. The portrait of Sh. contrasts with the portrait of Oblomov: “He is entirely made up of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blooded English horse. He is thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, that is, bone and muscle, but no sign of fatty roundness...” Sh.’s ideal of life is constant and meaningful work, this is “the image, content, element and purpose of life.” Sh. defends this ideal in a dispute with Oblomov, calling the latter’s utopian ideal “Oblomovism” and considering it harmful in all spheres of life.

Unlike Oblomov, Sh. stands the test of love. He meets the ideal of Olga Ilyinskaya: Sh. combines masculinity, loyalty, moral purity, universal knowledge and practical acumen, allowing him to emerge victorious in all life's trials. Sh. marries Olga Ilyinskaya, and Goncharov tries in their active alliance, full of work and beauty, to imagine an ideal family, a true ideal that fails in Oblomov’s life: “they worked together, had dinner, went to the fields, played music<...>just as Oblomov dreamed... Only there was no drowsiness, no despondency, they spent their days without boredom and without apathy; there was no sluggish look, no words; their conversation never ended, it was often heated.” In his friendship with Oblomov, Sh. also rose to the occasion: he replaced the rogue manager, destroyed the machinations of Tarantiev and Mukhoyarov, who deceived Oblomov into signing a false loan letter.

The image of Sh., according to Goncharov, was supposed to embody a new positive type of Russian progressive figure (“How many Stoltsevs should appear under Russian names!”), combining both the best Westernizing tendencies and Russian breadth, scope, and spiritual depth. Type Sh. was supposed to turn Russia onto the path of European civilization, to give it the appropriate dignity and weight among the European powers. Finally, Sh.’s efficiency does not conflict with morality; the latter, on the contrary, complements efficiency, gives it inner power and strength.

Contrary to Goncharov's plan, utopian features are noticeable in Sh.'s image. The rationality and rationalism inherent in the image of Sh. is detrimental to artistry. Goncharov himself was not entirely satisfied with the image, believing that Sh. was “weak, pale”, that “the idea is too bare from him.” Chekhov expressed himself more harshly: “Stolz does not inspire me with any confidence. The author says that he is a magnificent fellow, but I don’t believe him. This is a spirited beast who thinks very well of herself and is pleased with herself. It’s half composed, three-quarters stilted” (letter 1889). The failure of Sh.'s image may be explained by the fact that Sh. is not artistically shown in the large-scale activity in which he is successfully engaged.

Lit.: see the article “BROKEN”.

A.B.Galkin

Literary heroes. - Academician. 2009 .

See what "STOLZ" is in other dictionaries:

- (German Stoltz, Swedish Stoltz) German and Swedish surname. Famous bearers: Stolz, Gösta (1904 1963) Swedish chess player, grandmaster (1954), six-time Swedish champion (1927 1953). Stolz, Teresa (1834 1902) soprano, one... ... Wikipedia

Businessman Dictionary of Russian synonyms. stolz noun, number of synonyms: 1 businessman (58) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary

Stolz- Stolz, ah, creativity. p. eat (lit. character; businessman) ... Russian spelling dictionary

- (Stoltz) Rosina (real name and last name: Quiz Noel, Noll) (13 II 1815, Paris 30, according to other data 28 VII 1903, ibid.) French. singer (mezzo-soprano). She studied singing in music. school of A.E. Shoron (School of classical and sacred music) in Paris... Music Encyclopedia

- (Stolz) Robert Elisabeth (25 VIII 1880, Graz 27 VI 1975, West Berlin) Austrian. composer and conductor. Student of R. Fuchs (Vienna) and E. Humperdinck (Berlin). Since 1898, conductor of a number of bands, incl. Theater an der Wien (Vienna), toured in European countries... ... Music Encyclopedia

- (Stolz) Teresa (real name and last name Terezina Stoltsova, Stolzovb) (2 VI 1834, Kostelec, Czech Republic 23 VIII 1902, Milan) Czech. singer (dramatic soprano). She came from a family of musicians and singers. In 1849 51 she studied at the Prague Conservatory with J.B.... ... Music Encyclopedia

STOLZ Teresa (real name Terezina Stolzova; Stolzova) (1834 1902), Czech singer, dramatic soprano, one of the brightest opera stars of the second half of the 19th century. A student of the Italian opera school, student of L. Ricci and F.... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

STOLZ Eric (b. 1961), American film actor. He made his debut in 1982 in the title role in the film by P. Bogdanovich (see BOGDANOVIC Peter) “The Mask”. He has the gift of conveying subtext with the help of meager details and gestures. In the 1990s. became known as... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (b. 1961) American film actor. He made his debut in 1982 in the title role in P. Bogdanovich's film Mask. He has the gift of conveying subtext with the help of meager details and gestures. In the 1990s. became known as one of the members of the so-called. clan Tarantino,... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Stolz) (1880 1975), Austrian composer, conductor. From 1940 he lived in the USA, worked in Hollywood, and returned to Vienna in 1946. He became famous as the author of operettas (over 60). The first European author of the foxtrot. Over 2000 songs (mainly for cabaret),... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

• Vera Stoltz is a screen star. Vera Stolts and the Sunny Island, Olga Trofimova, Vladislav Kartavtsev. You are holding a book in your hands - a continuation of a series of novels about the adventures of Vera Stolz. Vera is no longer the shy person she was just a few months ago. She is a real star, she is super popular,...

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As children, they lived almost nearby - in neighboring villages - then, as teenagers, They studied at a boarding school for noble children. Throughout their lives, fate brought these people together again and again. Who are we talking about, you ask? Of course, about Ilya Oblomov and Andrei Stolts from Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” and their unusual friendship.

To understand the essence of the relationship between these diametrically opposed friends, you need to trace their lives throughout the work.

Oblomov’s image: deep in thought

In order to understand how opposite in character Andrei Stolts and Ilya Oblomov were, it is necessary to first follow the character of the first hero, whose surname is named throughout the novel. Ilya Ilyich appears to readers as a sloppy and extremely lazy middle-aged man. His favorite place is the sofa, and his favorite clothing is a dressing gown, which “had in Oblomov’s eyes a darkness of invaluable merits: he is soft, flexible; the body does not feel it on itself; he, like an obedient slave, submits to the slightest movement of the body..."
The careless decoration of the room, where order seemed to be maintained, but a closer look revealed a lot of external flaws, further emphasized the infantilism of the hero. He had neither a specific goal in life nor any clear plans, looking at his surroundings absent-mindedly and thoughtfully.

Active and purposeful Stolz

Andrei Stolts was completely different. With youthful fervor, even in his youth, he explained lessons to a slow and dreamy friend, and tried to help so that Ilya could find himself in life. But his aspirations were not justified, because the teaching “had a strange effect on Ilya Ilyich: between science and life there lay a whole abyss, which he did not try to cross. His life was on its own, and his science was on its own.”

Little Andryusha has been curious and very active since childhood. Any of his antics, even to the point that the boy could leave for several days without causing concern to his father, were perceived by his parents without any panic. Without preventing his son from freely exploring the world around him, dad contributed to the development of a holistic, completely independent personality. Andrey Stolts is an amazing person, for whom you feel sympathy from the very first lines. The hero of the novel, loving life and striving for the future. This is how he is depicted on the pages of the work.

The reason for the friendship between Oblomov and Stolz

A reader delving into the images of such absolutely opposite personalities may have a fair question: how could they be friends? But perhaps some will be surprised to learn that at first Andrei and Ilya were similar in character. But it was their upbringing, the environment in which the young friends lived, that made them as different as the South and the North. However, close comrades cope well with their differences and complement each other perfectly.

These two people, different in temperament, were able to appreciate each other. Stolz sees his beautiful soul in Oblomov, and he, in turn, notices the best qualities of a true, devoted friend.

“...I knew many people with high qualities, but I have never met a purer, brighter and simpler heart; I loved many, but no one as firmly and ardently as Oblomov. Once you know him, you can’t stop loving him…” says Andrei Ivanovich about Ilya Ilyich.

He loves his friend for his sincerity, considers him a very good person, even despite his imposingness, apathy and laziness. Stolz hopes that someday it will be possible to remake Ilya Ilyich and is trying to take appropriate measures. But will he succeed?

Episodes from the novel: friendship between Stolz and Oblomov

Throughout the entire novel, Oblomov and Stolz walk hand in hand, maintaining sincere affection for each other. Let's look at some episodes from their lives.

Here Ilya and Andrey are small children. One of them is brave and active, the other is a little lazy, dreamy and fearful. Parents love their children immensely, but they raise them differently. Therefore, their fates are completely different...

Here is Andrei, “often, taking a break from business or from the social crowd, in the evening, from the ball, he goes to sit on Oblomov’s wide sofa and, in a lazy conversation, take away and calm the anxious or tired soul.” In the presence of Oblomov, the friend calms down, feels like a man who has come “from a magnificent hall to his own modest roof.”

So they are conducting a dialogue with each other, and Andrei cannot convince Ilya to become more alive, to go out into society, to break away from his comfortable sofa, to change his way of thinking, to leave passivity, apathy and laziness, to become a full-fledged person... “Like a lump of dough, he curled up and “You’re lying,” Stolz reproaches Oblomov, but he does not respond to the comments. However, Andrey is adamant in his decision to change the situation. “No, I won’t leave you like this,” he says indignantly. In a week you won't recognize yourself. This evening I will tell you a detailed plan about what I intend to do with myself and with you, and now get dressed ... "

Clever Stolz, behind the veil of indifference and laziness, managed to discern a philosopher in his friend, because he sometimes speaks very correct speeches. “Life: life is good! What to look for there? interests of the mind, heart? says Oblomov to a friend. Look where the center is around which all this revolves: it is not there, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society!..”

“You reason like an ancient one,” Stolz concludes. But even that’s good, at least you’re reasoning and not sleeping.”

The insightful Oblomov was tired of everything, that’s why he tried to close himself in the shell of his absurd dreams and daydreams and limit himself to staying in his own home, where everything is so familiar and familiar, where there is no fuss and feigned fun. But living according to his friend’s plan is also extremely difficult for him...

Here's another scene. “Now or never,” Stolz declares, and Oblomov makes a great effort on himself, deciding to follow his friend’s advice and get a French passport. However, at that time he never left. But unexpected changes occur in his personal life: Oblomov falls in love with Olga Ilyinskaya, a simple and at the same time noble woman. His friend Andrei also treats her with trepidation.

But Ilya Ilyich’s approach to the girl is original: not wanting to flatter, here too he shows some kind of clumsiness, indifference to pompous phrases, and maybe even ignorance, saying: It costs me nothing to say: “Ah! I will be very glad, happy, you, of course, sing great... this will please me... But is this really necessary?

Finally, Olga began to sing, and Oblomov could not resist an enthusiastic “Ah.” “Do you hear? Stolz told her. Tell me honestly, Ilya: how long has it been since this happened to you?” - he asked his loving friend. Unfortunately, Oblomov’s immaturity over time took precedence over his bright feelings for Olga Ilyinskaya. He could not and did not want to overcome his natural laziness and become the husband of this beautiful woman. In the end, it was Andrei Stolz who took Olga as his wife, who, it turns out, was also in love with her, but did not want to interfere with his friend’s happiness.

The time for change comes, and Oblomov marries Agafya, the widow of the college secretary Pshenitsyn, a thrifty, kind and intelligent woman who faithfully looked after him during times of illness and depression. His life again goes smoothly and smoothly. Agafya surrounds her husband with care and maintains complete order in the house. Well, what about Stolz?

Unfortunately, the last meeting of friends five years later was very sad. "Dead!" - Andrei Ivanovich lamented about his friend, seeing him in an extremely difficult mental state. He was also shocked by the fact that Agafya was Ilya’s wife. At this unexpected news, it was as if a stone wall had opened up between friends, and Stolz realized that his comrade would never leave Oblomovka. But still he heeded the requests of Ilya Ilyich “not to forget his son Andrei.” And he promised himself to lead the boy on a completely different path, and with him “to bring their youthful dreams into action.”

This kind of friendship is very important

Having followed the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz, we can conclude: such friendship is also necessary and useful, because they amazingly complemented each other and supported each other in difficult moments of life. It is a pity, of course, that Ilya Oblomov died, unable to cope with internal apathy and a lazy lifestyle, but he left behind a son, whom his best and faithful friend, Andrei Ivanovich, took in to raise him. He helped Ilya this time too - now by adopting his own blood and giving the child a chance for a full, meaningful life. But how could it have happened otherwise? After all, the friendship of Ilya and Andrey has always been real.

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Lesson objectives:

• educational: comprehend the image of the main character from a social and universal, moral point of view; show the attributes of “superfluous people”, reveal the origins of the “Oblomovism”; organize a conversation about the peculiarities of the Russian national character;
• educational: cultivate skills of a culture of mental work; to form a cognitive need, good aesthetic taste;
• developing: improve the skills of text analysis, monologue speech of students, the ability to compare and generalize; develop skills in characterizing literary characters, skills in working with words, and text analysis skills.

Equipment: novel by I.A. Goncharov “Oblomov”, teacher presentation, student presentations.

During the classes

1. Organizational moment.

Creating a teacher’s mood for creative work with the text of the novel “Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharov.

2. Statement of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

We return again to the work of Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov. The topic of today's lesson is the words of the writer himself.

Write down the topic of the lesson in your notebook.

Teacher. Today in class we will:

Let us generalize the knowledge about the image of the main character from a social and universal, moral point of view;

Let us reveal the origins of the “Oblomovism”;

Let’s define the attributes of “extra people”;

Let's talk about the features of the Russian national character

3. Checking homework

Teacher. Let's check your homework.

• Do you like the heroes of the novel - Oblomov, Stolz, Olga? How?
• - What do you not like about each of the characters and why?
• - Which episodes seem to you the most important in the novel? Why?

Why is it important for Goncharov to show Zakhara next to Oblomov?

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov

What was Ilya Ilyich like and what did he become?

How would you characterize the changes that have taken place?

What interior details does the writer draw attention to?

What do they symbolize?

4. Work with the text of I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”.

Teacher. Review Chapters II–V from Part 1 and think:

Teacher. Goncharov reveals the character of Oblomov through the image of Stolz.

5. Conversation on issues.

Andrey Stolts

What impression does Stolz make?

What is Andrei Ivanovich doing?

For whom and for what does he work?

What kind of life does Stolz offer Oblomov?

How is Ilya Ilyich’s lifestyle changing?

Why does Stolz take Oblomov with him?

Conclusion: Stolz is pointedly opposed to Oblomov. Andrei Ivanovich evokes sympathy: his neat, beautiful suit, energy, and lifestyle are the opposite of Oblomov’s.

What attracts people in Stolz is efficiency, a sincere desire to help his lazy friend change, to introduce him to the big world.

Teacher. Stolz not only invites Oblomov to change, but also actively forces him to do it.

Why does Oblomov obey his friend?

Why doesn't he fight for his dream?

Conclusion. The reason is the kind heart of Ilya Ilyich, his dreaminess, gentleness, lack of will and the influence that Stolz always had on him,

Stolz's strength lies in his conviction that he is right, which is why he so easily abolishes Oblomov's traditions and it is impossible to disobey him.

In the novel, two life positions collide: on the one hand, the Western, bourgeois (it’s good to be rich, and for this you need to work honestly), and the Russian, spontaneous (it’s good when the conscience is clear and the soul is calm).

Oblomov recognizes the need for work, but only as a means of achieving his ideal, and therefore considers Stolz’s reproaches for idleness to be fair. He sees the reasons for his own passivity in the lack of willpower and external driving force. Stolz has always been this force for him. If Andrey is not around, there is no engine that gives the energy of life.

Teacher. In the novel, Oblomov’s character is revealed through two storylines? Name them?

(Oblomov and Stolz, Oblomov and Olga)

6. Conversation on issues.

Olga Ilyinskaya

What caused Olga's feelings for Oblomov?

What motivates her, what does she strive for, what does she fight against?

• Does Olga love Ilya Ilyich?
• Is it possible to understand why Oblomov fell in love with Olga?
• What is so special about Olga Ilyinskaya that she managed (even if only briefly) to conquer Oblomov and get him off the couch?

What made him want to change?

Why couldn't Olga and Oblomov be together?

Oblomov's dream.

What can be said about the child, his attitude to the world, people and the attitude towards him in this world?

• What can you say about the adult hero? What is he aiming for? Why does he live?
• What place and what significance does “Oblomov’s Dream” occupy in the novel?

“Our name is legion!” - exclaims Ilya Ilyich.

What phenomenon are we talking about? (About Oblomovism)

Teacher. A literature project on a given topic was prepared (2 students at the blackboard)

Literature project on the topic “Oblomovism as a type of life.”

Teacher.

COMING FROM OBLOMOVKA

As we see, in “Oblomov’s Dream” the key to the Russian soul is given. It reveals the fundamental, primordial traits of the Russian character. This means that Oblomov is not a satirical type, but an image that symbolizes the deepest contradictions of the Russian man - his greatness and his weakness.

And yet Oblomov finds himself in the caring hands of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna.

Oblomov on the Vyborg side

Is Oblomov happy with Pshenitsyna?

What does Agafya Matveevna’s love give him?

How do you assess the history of their relationship?

Oblomov and his ideal world.

Teacher. In this woman’s house Oblomov is at peace. He enjoys drinking coffee prepared by Agafya Matveevna and watching her sew.

Her love is self-sacrifice. And this love gives Oblomov what he has always dreamed of. Smooth, peaceful, unhurried flow of life, contemplation, the return of the calm, bright serenity of childhood.

Death of Oblomov

• Why does Goncharov deny his hero life?
• Why should Oblomov’s son be raised by Andrei Stolts?
• Can Oblomov be called an “extra” person?

Why?

Teacher. Prepared a literature project on a given topic...(1 student at the blackboard)

Literature project on the topic “Oblomov - an extra person.”

7. Lesson summary.

• Indigenous folk type

Does Oblomov find the answer to the question:

• “What to fight for, what to strive for, why?”
• “Has Oblomovism outlived its usefulness these days?

What feature of the Russian national character is so vividly “glorified” in Oblomov?

8. Homework.

Write a letter to Oblomov (Stolz, Agafya Matveevna, Zakhar) on your behalf, talking with the addressee about the issues that interest you.

9. Grading.

The teacher comments on the grades given.