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Salvator Rosa - Italian painter, engraver, poet and musician.
Born in Renella, near Naples, on June 20, 1615 (16150620), he was raised in a monastery and was preparing to take holy orders, but soon felt an irresistible attraction to art and began to study first music, and then painting. His mentors in the latter were first his brother-in-law, Fr. Francanzone, a student of X. Ribera, then Ribera himself and, finally, the battle painter Agnello Falcone. In addition to these artists, the development of R.'s talent was greatly facilitated by his writing sketches from life without anyone's help. At the age of eighteen, he set off to wander around Apulia and Calabria, fell into the hands of the local robbers and lived for some time among them, studying their types and customs, after which he worked in Naples.
In 1634 he moved to Rome, where he was not slow in gaining fame for his images of characteristic, full of life scenes from the life of shepherds, soldiers and bandits, but, thanks to his satires and especially two paintings: “Transience human life" and "Goddess of happiness, squandering her gifts on the unworthy", to such an extent he turned against himself roman society that he had to retire to Naples. When Masaniello's revolution broke out there, he participated in it. From 1650 to 1660 worked in Florence, at the court of Grand Duke J.-C. Medici, from time to time visiting Rome. Finally, he settled again in this city, where he died on March 15, 1673.
Belonging in the direction of talent to the naturalists of the Neapolitan school of painting, having some affinity with his teachers, Ribera and Falcone, Rosa nevertheless showed, with great diversity in the choice of subjects, a lot of originality in their interpretation. In the paintings on historical topics he knew how to combine realism of the image with nobility lively composition and with a strong expression of the idea. The best of these paintings is considered to be “The Conspiracy of Catiline” (in the gallery of the Pitti Palace, in Florence). Among other works of Rose in this kind, especially worthy of attention: “Angel and Tobias” and “The Appearance of the Shadow of Samuel to Saul” (in the Louvre Museum, in Paris), “Jonah in Nineveh” and “Cadmus and Minerva” (in the Copenhagen Gallery), “The Crucifixion” (in the Brunswick Museum), “Prometheus” (in the Hague Gallery), “ Prodigal son", "Odysseus and Nausicaa" and "Democritus and Protagoras" (in the State Hermitage) and some others.
The portraits by Rosa are very characteristic and expressive, which suggests their similarity with the faces posing in front of him. In those landscapes that came out from under his brush during his stay in Florence, such as, for example, in the large seaside view located in the Colonna Gallery in Rome, painting connoisseurs see the influence of Claude Lorrain. In other paintings of this kind, a certain artificiality and lethargy are noticeable. But Rose is an excellent, completely original master, imbued with poetry when he depicts harsh mountains, wild gorges, deep forest thickets, especially when he paints on small canvases. There are many of his paintings in which the landscape plays minor role, and the main content consists of human figures - mostly the figures of soldiers and robbers. Such paintings can be seen in the Imperial Hermitage (“Soldiers Playing Dice”), in Vienna, Munich, The Hague and other galleries. Finally, Rose beautifully painted very complex paintings of battles, a wonderful example of which is in the Louvre Museum in Paris. Regarding the coloring of R., it must be said that it is not at all distinguished by great brilliance, but is extremely pleasant in its warmth and consistency of chiaroscuro.
IN recent years Throughout his life, Rosa was diligently engaged in engraving. In total, he executed 86 etchings of his own composition, many of which can be considered the best creatures artist and in good prints are very much appreciated by print lovers, such as, for example, “St. William the Hermit”, “Plato and His Disciples”, “Warrior Sitting on a Hill”, etc.
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Then Ribera himself and, finally, the battle painter Agnello Falcone. In addition to these artists, the development of R.'s talent was greatly facilitated by his writing sketches from life without anyone's help. At the age of eighteen, he set off to wander around Apulia and Calabria, fell into the hands of the local robbers and lived for some time among them, studying their types and customs, after which he worked in Naples.
Belonging in the direction of talent to the naturalists of the Neapolitan school of painting, having some affinity with his teachers, Ribera and Falcone, Rosa nevertheless showed, with great diversity in the choice of subjects, a lot of originality in their interpretation. In paintings on historical themes, he knew how to combine the realism of the image with the nobility of an animated composition and with a strong expression of the idea. The best of these paintings is considered to be “The Conspiracy of Catiline” (in the gallery of the Pitti Palace, in Florence). Among other works of Rose in this kind, especially worthy of attention: “Angel and Tobias” and “The Appearance of the Shadow of Samuel to Saul” (in the Louvre Museum, in Paris), “Jonah in Nineveh” and “Cadmus and Minerva” (in the Copenhagen gallery), “The Crucifixion” (in the Brunswick Museum), “Prometheus” (in the Hague Gallery), “The Prodigal Son”, “Ulysses and Nausicaa” and “Democritus and Protagoras” (in the Imperial Hermitage) and some others.
The portraits by Rosa are very characteristic and expressive, which suggests their similarity with the faces posing in front of him. In those landscapes that came out from under his brush during his stay in Florence, such as, for example, in the large seaside view located in the Colonna Gallery in Rome, painting connoisseurs see the influence of Claude Lorrain. In other paintings of this kind, a certain artificiality and lethargy are noticeable. But Rose is an excellent, completely original master, imbued with poetry when he depicts harsh mountains, wild gorges, dense forest thickets, especially when he paints on canvases of small size. There are many of his paintings in which the landscape plays a secondary role, and the main content consists of human figures - mostly the figures of soldiers and robbers. Such paintings can be seen in the Imperial Hermitage (“Soldiers Playing Dice”), in Vienna, Munich, The Hague and other galleries. Finally, Rose beautifully painted very complex paintings of battles, a wonderful example of which is in the Louvre Museum in Paris. Regarding the coloring of R., it must be said that it is not at all distinguished by great brilliance, but is extremely pleasant in its warmth and consistency of chiaroscuro.
In the last years of his life, Rosa was diligently engaged in engraving. In total, he executed 86 etchings of his own composition, many of which can be considered among the best creations of the artist and, in good prints, are highly valued by print lovers, such as, for example, “St. William the Hermit”, “Plato and His Disciples”, “Warrior Sitting on a Hill”, etc.
Rosa composed several dramas, in which he sometimes acted, as well as a number of caustic satires.
Biographies of this versatile artist were published by Fr. Baldinucci (new Venetian edition, 1830), Fiorillo (with the appendix of R.'s satire; "Poetic Art", Göttingen, 1785) and C. Cantu (Milan, 1844).
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- Salvator Cognetti de Martiis
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Rosa, Salvator- Salvator Rosa ital. Salvator Rosa ... Wikipedia
Rosa Salvatore- Rosa Salvatore (Salvator) (20.6. or 21.7.1615, Arenella, Campania, ‒ 15.3.1673, Rome), Italian painter, engraver and poet. He worked in Naples, Florence and Rome. R.’s creativity, imbued with elements of a kind of romantic protest...
Rosa Salvatore- (Rosa) (1615 1673), Italian painter, graphic artist, poet and musician (lutenist). Religious and mythological compositions, scenes from the life of shepherds, tramps, soldiers, household paintings, romantically fantastic landscapes (“Forest landscape with three... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
Rose- I Rosa (Rosa) Salvatore (Salvator) (20.6. or 21.7.1615, Arenella, Campania, 15.3.1673, Rome), Italian painter, engraver and poet. He worked in Naples, Florence and Rome. R.’s creativity, imbued with elements of a peculiar romantic... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Rosa Salvator
Rosa, Salvatore- Self-portrait (1640). London National Gallery Salvator Rosa (Salvator Rosa) Italian painter, engraver, poet and musician, born. in Renella, near Naples, on June 20, 1615, he was raised in a monastery and prepared for the spiritual... ... Wikipedia
Rosa Salvatore (Salvator)- (Rosa) (1615 1673), Italian painter, engraver and poet. Imbued with elements of a kind of romantic protest against existing social norms, Rosa’s work opposed the canons of academicism and baroque. Religious and... Art encyclopedia
Rose- Salvator (Rosa, Salvator) 1615, Naples 1673, Rome. Italian painter, actor, musician and poet. Master of the Neapolitan school. A student of Ribera, F. Francadzan and the master of battle scenes A. Falcone. He worked in Naples (until 1635), Rome (1635-1639), where... European art: Painting. Sculpture. Graphics: Encyclopedia
ROSE- (Rosa), Salvator, famous artist, 161) 1673; was also an educated musician; Burney owned a collection of his madrigals and cantatas. Of R.’s satires, the first is directed against music... Musical dictionary Riman
Rosa Salvator- (1615 1673) Italian painter, creator of religious and mythological compositions; genre paintings from the lives of soldiers, tramps, shepherds; landscapes... Dictionary of literary types
Books
- Rosa Salvator, Elena Dmitrievna Fedotova, The publication introduces the work of a major Italian master Baroque XVII centuries. It examines the legacy of Salvator Rosa, a talented Neapolitan painter, graphic artist, poet,… Category: Art history and theory Series: Masters of Painting Publisher: WHITE CITY, Manufacturer:
Creation
Belonging in the direction of talent to the naturalists of the Neapolitan school of painting, having some affinity with his teachers, Ribera and Falcone, Rosa nevertheless showed, with great diversity in the choice of subjects, a lot of originality in their interpretation. In paintings on historical themes, he knew how to combine the realism of the image with the nobility of an animated composition and with a strong expression of the idea. The best of these paintings is considered to be “The Conspiracy of Catiline” (in the gallery of the Pitti Palace, in Florence). Among other works of Rose in this kind, especially worthy of attention: “Angel and Tobias” and “The Appearance of the Shadow of Samuel to Saul” (in the Louvre Museum, in Paris), “Jonah in Nineveh” and “Cadmus and Minerva” (in the Copenhagen Gallery), “The Crucifixion” (in the Brunswick Museum), “Prometheus” (in the Hague Gallery), “Prodigal Son”, “Odysseus and Nausicaa” and “Democritus and Protagoras” (in the State Hermitage) and some others.
The portraits by Rosa are very characteristic and expressive, which suggests their similarity with the faces posing in front of him. In those landscapes that came out from under his brush during his stay in Florence, such as, for example, in the large seaside view located in the Colonna Gallery in Rome, painting connoisseurs see the influence of Claude Lorrain. In other paintings of this kind, a certain artificiality and lethargy are noticeable. But Rose is an excellent, completely original master, imbued with poetry when he depicts harsh mountains, wild gorges, dense forest thickets, especially when he paints on canvases of small size. There are many of his paintings in which the landscape plays a secondary role, and the main content consists of human figures - mostly the figures of soldiers and robbers. Such paintings can be seen in the Imperial Hermitage (“Soldiers Playing Dice”), in Vienna, Munich, The Hague and other galleries. Finally, Rose beautifully painted very complex paintings of battles, a wonderful example of which is in the Louvre Museum in Paris. Regarding the coloring of R., it must be said that it is not at all distinguished by great brilliance, but is extremely pleasant in its warmth and consistency of chiaroscuro.
Rosa Salvatore (1615–1673)
Italian painter, graphic artist, poet and musician. Born in the small town of Arnella near Naples in the family of a land surveyor. From childhood he was sent to be raised in the college of the Jesuit congregation of Somaska. The study of Latin, Holy Scripture, Italian literature, and ancient history at the Jesuit College helped Salvatore Rosa in the future, when he became a painter. He studied painting with his brother-in-law, the artist F. Fracanziano, as well as with his uncle, the artist A. D. Greco, possibly visited the studio of H. Ribera, and was acquainted with the famous Neapolitan battle painter A. Falcone, one of the early masters of this genre.
Diogenes' Choice, 1650s
Private collection
Jason taming the dragon, 1640s
Museum fine arts, Montreal
Self-portrait
National Gallery, London
As if warning, the artist looks at us over his shoulder with a sad and contemptuous expression on his face. In fact, the inscription on the sign he holds in his hands reads: “Be silent if what you want to say is no better than silence.” The harsh meaning of this dark self-portrait is further enhanced by the artist's dark cloak and black hat, giving him an almost sinister appearance. It looms menacingly before us against the backdrop of a strange, horizonless sky. Rose experienced strong influence harsh realism by Jusepe Ribera, who worked in Naples from 1616. Rosa's famous "violent manner" was even evident in his poetic landscapes. It was this quality that became especially important for romantic landscape painters of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Rosa was not only a painter, but also a graphic artist, poet, musician and actor.
The work of this talented painter is associated with the traditions of the Neapolitan school. The name of Salvatore Rosa is surrounded by legends, as he was distinguished by his rebellious disposition, courage, and great picturesque temperament. He was not only a painter and engraver, but also a poet, musician, actor, and the passion of his nature was evident in everything. The artist’s painterly talent was realized in landscapes, portraits, battle scenes, and historical paintings.
He worked in Naples (until 1635), Rome and Florence (1640–1648) as court artist to Giovanni Carlo de' Medici, the future cardinal. An exponent of pre-romantic tendencies in Italian Baroque painting, Rose in paintings on biblical and mythological themes (“Prodigal Son”, State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg; “The Dream of Aeneas”, Metropolitan Museum of Art), graphics (etching “Game of Tritons”), scenes of cavalry battles (“Combat”, pen drawing, Museum of Fine Arts, Leipzig), “stormy” landscapes with views of wild, sometimes fantastic areas ( “Forest Landscape with Three Philosophers”, Art Gallery, Dresden; “Landscape with a Bridge”, Pitti Gallery, Florence) glorifies the escape of man into the bosom of nature, confronts generally accepted standards academic art 17th century. The expressive, gloomy atmosphere of Rosa’s works is created with the help of sharp light and shadow contrasts, a free style of writing, and a gloomy, brownish-leaden coloring.
The “Self-Portrait” (London, National Gallery) dates back to his time in Florence. Rose is depicted wearing a cloak draped over her shoulder. The romanticization of the image is emphasized by a somewhat theatrical attire, but the artist managed to convey the passion of nature, her vulnerability, and the irony that comes through in her gaze. The Latin inscription on the portrait: “Be silent, if what you want to say is no better than silence” expresses the state of the artist, who apparently experienced deep disappointment from contact with injustice. The theme of “Self-Portrait” is continued by the painting “Allegory of Lies” (Florence, Pitti). Perhaps the model for the image of the man who took off the tragic mask and pointed at it was Rose himself.
This is an example of an allegory that has deep moral overtones, which expresses thoughts about the artist’s work and his position in society. It is possible that Rosa also depicted himself in the painting “Portrait of a Bandit” (St. Petersburg, Hermitage), which is a work mentioned in 17th-century sources. The image of this man is full of liveliness and wit, and his clothes are reminiscent of the costume of Pascariello, the hero of the commedia dell'arte mask.
In 1649, Salvatore Rosa moved to Rome, seeking to free himself from court service. He refuses offers to work at the courts of Austria, Sweden and France. With witty satires, the artist irritates those on whom rich orders depend. His canvas “Fortune” (London, Marlborough Gallery) depicting animals, in the images of which influential people recognized themselves, almost brought the wrath of the artist to the pope himself.
The circle of Salvatore Rosa’s ill-wishers has increased, as evidenced by the artist’s satirical painting “Envy.” After a quarrel with the venerable Lorenzo Bernini and others famous painters the artist, despite his acquired fame, was refused admission to the Roman Academy of St. Luke. In this regard, Salvatore Rosa founded the “Academy of the Hurt” (Academia degli percossi). Famous artists, poets, musicians, and scientists became its members and frequent guests of the Rose. Among them were the mathematician Torricelli, the composer Cesti, and the philologists Carlo Dati and Valerio Chimentelli.
Ancient history and mythology still allow the artist Salvatore Rosa to put forward ethical issues that concern him in his works. In the canvas “Democritus and Protagoras” (St. Petersburg, Hermitage) Rose talks about wisdom common man, which amazed the great philosopher, who made him his student. In the film “Odysseus and Nausicaa” (ibid.) - about the nobility of the act of the ancient princess who helped shipwrecked Odyssey. Ideal image The artist embodies the fighter for republican virtues in the painting “The Conspiracy of Catiline” (Florence, private collection), and in the painting “Saul at the Sorceress of Endor” (Paris, Louvre) biblical story designed, not without grotesquerie, on the contrary, to debunk sublime ideas about a bad ruler.
In the 1660s, Rosa copied his paintings in engravings, sometimes creating independent historical and allegorical compositions (the allegory “The Genius of Salvator Rosa”). Back in 1656, the artist became interested in the technique of etching and executed the “Capricci” series. As in his paintings, its heroes are tramps, soldiers, bandits, shepherds. They are depicted either in real situations or in theatrical poses and look either as life-like characters or as actors from costume scenes. In them, Rosa’s inherent fantasy and ability to figuratively synthesize everything that struck his imagination in reality are especially clearly visible.
Salvatore Rosa died on March 15, 1673 in Rome from dropsy. Before his death, the artist married his mistress Lucretia, with whom he lived for many years and raised two sons. The great master of the Italian Baroque, Salvator Rosa, had a significant influence on the development of Italian painting. Under the influence of his art, the talent of Magnasco, Ricci and a number of other masters was formed. The art of Salvatore Rosa also inspired painters of the Romantic era.
Rosa Salvator
When interpreting the birth horoscope, best method is to start the analysis with its common features, moving on to the details based on them. This is the usual route plan - from general analysis horoscope and its structure, to the description of various character traits.
The twelve zodiac signs are grouped based on general characteristics. The first way is to unite according to their nature, their basis. Such a combination is called grouping by elements. There are four elements - Fire, Earth, Air, Water.
The distribution of planets in the horoscope by elements is determined by basis of personality its owner and in this case it is...
Elements
Expressed element of earth . Like most Earth signs, you are efficient, concrete, and not overly emotional. You judge a tree by its fruit. Your ideas may change, your words may disappear, but your actions and their consequences are visible and remain. Try to express your sensitivity, even if it shows your vulnerability. Emotions, energy and communication cannot be neglected; a particular action is meaningless unless it is aligned with your heart, your intellect, or your passion.
Presence Water element points to high sensitivity and elevation through feelings. Heart and emotions are yours driving forces, you can't do anything unless you feel an emotional impulse (in fact, the word "feeling" is fundamental to your character). You must love to understand and feel to take action. This can be harmful due to your vulnerability and you need to learn to fight for your emotional stability.
The twelve zodiac signs are also divided into three groups of qualities from four signs. Each group contains signs that have certain general qualities Each group has its own way of expressing itself in life. Cardinal signs carry out the transition from one to another; overcoming, conquest, and elimination are associated with them. Fixed signs carry out embodiment, concentration, appropriation. Mutable signs prepare the transition to something else and carry out adaptation, change, assumption.
The distribution of planets in a horoscope by quality determines way of expressing personality its owner, and in this case it is...
Qualities
Cardinal quality is dominant and indicates a predisposition to action, impulse, the ability to undertake: You are energetic in carrying out the plans you have in mind, getting things moving and creating them. This is the most important aspect that gives you enthusiasm and adrenaline, without which you can quickly get tired. You are assertive and individualistic (perhaps too much?). You allow others to strengthen and improve the structures that you have painstakingly built.
Mutable (changeable) quality most emphasized in your natal chart, indicating an emerging symbol that tends to be curious and thirsty for new experiences and development. You are alive and flexible person who prefer to react quickly to circumstances. But do not confuse mobility with atomization and agitation; this is the danger of such a configuration. Personal defense doesn't matter as long as you don't get bored. You optimize and change your plans, things and surroundings in a fast way.
Your planetary (synthetic) sign - three or more characters
Salvator Rosa. Structure (components) of energy
Main Features
Motivation: self-foundation, will, source of motivation, center
Salvator Rosa
Sun in Gemini
You are sensitive, talkative and inquisitive. Change tendencies and inner restlessness can hinder the achievement of goals. Diversity is the best thing for you in life. You love to make friends, are eloquent, love to read and have many hobbies. Ingenuity and desire for new things are yours strong point, but you should use your abilities and communication skills correctly so as not to waste them.
Emotions: sensitivity, receptivity, impressionability
Salvator Rosa
Moon in Aries
You easily accept new ideas, experiencing experience as a way of self-realization. You often change your mood, get ignited easily and quickly, and then just as quickly forget the reason for your anger. Sometimes you express a tendency - I come first. You are also prone to bouts of irritability and headaches. It seems to people that you maintain some kind of emotional distance when communicating with them. You have well-developed senses, and you often use them consciously for your own benefit. If you are interested in something, you can be very kind and sympathetic, but if you do not feel inner inspiration, you become indifferent and faceless. Your feelings are controlled by the ego. You have a quick reaction. You trust your senses and react instantly without thinking. This highlights your impulsiveness and tendency to trust your feelings rather than your reason. You despise authority and don't like being given advice. You shine in all situations that require the ability to make quick decisions. You are original, inventive, have a restless mind, but are not very resilient. In many situations, you take the initiative and demonstrate self-confidence. You try to dominate others emotionally and take advantage of authority because you perform much better as a leader than as a subordinate. You are an ambitious and sociable person with a pioneering spirit.
Intelligence: mind, reason, mind, speech, communication
Salvator Rosa
Mercury in Gemini
You are multifaceted, completely devoid of prejudice and tireless in your quest to know the truth. You have a surprisingly large vocabulary, you love to learn and you easily and skillfully communicate with people. common language. Very sensitive nervous system forms the basis of your active mind. You are spiritual, talkative, charming, and interested in current events. You think at lightning speed and gesticulate frequently. Try to control your need for change and news, because this can lead to superficiality and reduce fundamentality.
Harmony: measure, conjugation, sympathy, coherence, values
Salvator Rosa
Venus in Cancer
You are an idealist and poet by nature, enjoying the beauty of life. You may be prone to excessive pleasures, but rarely waste your energy. You are vulnerable, but you try to cover it up permanent employment or you pretend you don't care. You love home and take a lot of care of it. Financial and family security are important to you great value. You are gentle, compassionate, love to serve people and have charm. Your reactions are instinctive and emotional. Your relationship with your partner is more maternal than loving. Do you want your partner to express his feelings openly?
