Presentation for the class hour "195 years since the birth of the Russian writer F. M. Dostoevsky (1821). Presentation Dostoevsky presentation for a literature lesson on the topic Event with a presentation about F. M. Dostoevsky

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Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Great Russian writer and thinker. Years of life: 10/30/1821-01/28/1881 Born in Moscow. Signature:

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Family Father Mikhail Andreevich is a doctor at a Moscow hospital for the poor, a hereditary nobleman. In 1831 he acquired the village of Darovoye, Tula province, and in 1833 the neighboring village of Chermoshnya. In raising his children, the father was an independent, educated, caring family man, but had a quick-tempered and suspicious character. After the death of his wife in 1837, he retired and settled in Darovo. According to documents, he died of apoplexy, but according to the recollections of his relatives, he was killed by his peasants.

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Family Mother Maria Fedorovna (nee Nechaeva). She was, according to the recollections of her children, a beautiful and kind woman. She died of consumption in 1815. There were six more children in the Dostoevsky family: Mikhail, Varvara, Andrei, Vera, Nikolai, Alexander.

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Life of a writer In 1833, Dostoevsky was sent with his brother Mikhail to Drashusov's half board. From the autumn of 1834 to the spring of 1837, Dostoevsky visited Chermak's private boarding house. Russian language teacher Bilevich played a certain role in Dostoevsky's spiritual development. Memories of the boarding school served as material for many of the writer’s works.

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The year 1837 became an important date for Dostoevsky. This is the year of his mother’s death, the year of the death of Pushkin, whose work he had been reading since childhood, the year of moving to St. Petersburg and entering the Main Engineering School, thanks to which he received not only a high-quality engineering education, but also the opportunity to continue cultural development. Writer's life

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In 1839, he received news of the murder of his father by serfs. At the same time, he met Shidlovsky, whose religious and romantic mood captivated Dostoevsky. Writer's life

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In 1849, he was arrested in connection with the “Petrashevsky case,” the participants of which were, to one degree or another, “freethinkers” and had revolutionary views. The court sentenced the criminals to death, but at the last moment the sentence was changed to hard labor. Dostoevsky spent four years in hard labor in Omsk. In 1854, Dostoevsky was released and sent as a private to the seventh linear Siberian battalion. Here he began an affair with Maria Dmitrievna Isaeva. She was married to a bitter drunkard, who died soon after the meeting between Dostoevsky and Isaeva. In 1857 they got married. Writer's life

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During Dostoevsky’s life, at least two political trends were in conflict in the cultural strata of society – Slavophilism and Westernism. Dostoevsky had his own idea - “soilism”. Over time, Dostoevsky's views developed, and during his third stay abroad, he finally became a convinced monarchist. Political Views

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Father, Mikhail Andreevich, from the clergy, received the title of nobility in 1828. Having acquired in 1831-1832. a small estate in the Tula province, treated the peasants cruelly; in 1839, he was rumored to have been killed by his serfs. It was with the death of his father that the first attack of epilepsy was associated, a disease that haunted Dostoevsky until the end of his life.

Mother Maria Feodorovna, maiden name Nechaeva, from a merchant family, died in 1837.

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1838 – Dostoevsky, together with his older brother Mikhail, enters the St. Petersburg Military Engineering School

1843 - after graduating from college, Dostoevsky enlists in the drafting engineering department, but a year later he retires.

1847 - Dostoevsky begins to attend the society of M.V. Petrashevsky. Political, socio-economic, literary and other issues are discussed at these meetings

1848 – becomes an active participant in the meetings of Petrashevets N.A. Speshnev

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1849 – Dostoevsky, along with other Petrashevsky members, was arrested. During the investigation, the writer denies all the charges brought against him. He does not betray any of his comrades, citing ignorance. But the military court recognizes Dostoevsky as “one of the most important criminals” and, accusing him of criminal plans against the government, sentences him to death.

The mock execution took place on December 22, 1849. She was replaced by 4 years of hard labor followed by assignment to the rank and file.

But Emperor Nicholas I personally adds:

“Announce a pardon only at the moment when everything is ready for the execution.”

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1850-1854 – Dostoevsky serves his sentence in the Omsk prison. Then he is enlisted as a soldier in the Siberian Line Battalion.

At this time, Dostoevsky is a famous writer and thanks to this he becomes a friend of the regional prosecutor Wrangel, who was present at the execution of the Petrashevites in the winter of 1849. This gives Fyodor Mikhailovich the opportunity to visit high society (where he also meets Ch. Valikhanov, a prominent Kazakh figure with whom he maintains contact even after exile). Thanks to this acquaintance, private Dostoevsky received the rank of officer on October 1, 1856, and a little earlier his title of nobility was returned to him.

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1859 – Dostoevsky receives permission to move first to Tver, then to St. Petersburg; Here he published the stories "Uncle's Dream" (1859), "The Village of Stepanchikovo and Its Inhabitants" (1859), and the novel "The Humiliated and Insulted" (1861).

1861-1862 – the largest work written shortly after hard labor and about hard labor appears - “Notes from the House of the Dead”.

1862-1863 – Dostoevsky travels around Europe with Apollinaria Suslova. Soon she is forced to leave him due to Dostoevsky’s strong addiction to roulette (he lost everything, including her jewelry).

Returning to Russia, Dostoevsky actively participates in public life. During these years, he became close to the literary critic A.A. Grigoriev and the philosopher N.N. Strakhov.

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1861 – Dostoevsky, together with his brother Mikhail, publishes the magazine “Time”. In April 1863, the magazine "Time" was closed by censorship for the article "The Fatal Question" dedicated to the Polish uprising, written by employee N.N. Strakhov.

1864-1865– Mikhail Dostoevsky manages to obtain a license to publish a new magazine, which became known as “Epoch”. One of the collaborators is again Fyodor Mikhailovich, who at the same time wrote “Notes from the Underground” (1864).

Left without a livelihood due to losses at roulette, Dostoevsky enters into an agreement with the book publisher Stellovsky, according to which the writer undertakes to write a new novel by November 1, 1866 for the collected works of his works that are being prepared for publication. If this clause of the contract is not fulfilled, the writer loses ownership of all his works for nine years. When there is a month left before the deadline, Dostoevsky, on the advice of friends, hires stenographer A.G. Snitkina and dictates the novel “The Player” to her in 28 days.

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1867 – Dostoevsky marries Snitkina (Dostoevsky’s first wife M.D. Isaeva, whom he married while still in exile, died in 1864 from tuberculosis).

1867-1871 - the writer, together with his new wife, spent these years abroad, escaping from creditors, only occasionally coming to Russia. They alternately live in Dresden, Berlin, Basel, Geneva and Florence. Here he witnesses the Franco-Prussian War and the Paris Commune of 1871. Only at the end of 1871, after the writer managed to partially pay off his debts, did he return to St. Petersburg

1873-1874 – Dostoevsky edits the magazine "Citizen", where he begins to publish "The Diary of a Writer", which he continued to publish in separate issues monthly in 1876-1877, one issue in 1880, one in 1881.

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Father, Mikhail Andreevich, from the clergy, received the title of nobility in 1828. Having acquired in 1831-1832. a small estate in the Tula province, treated the peasants cruelly; in 1839, he was rumored to have been killed by his serfs. It was with the death of his father that the first attack of epilepsy was associated, a disease that haunted Dostoevsky until the end of his life.

Mother Maria Feodorovna, maiden name Nechaeva, from a merchant family, died in 1837.

1838 – Dostoevsky, together with his older brother Mikhail, enters the St. Petersburg Military Engineering School

1843 - after graduating from college, Dostoevsky enlists in the drafting engineering department, but a year later he retires.

1847 - Dostoevsky begins to attend the society of M.V. Petrashevsky. Political, socio-economic, literary and other issues are discussed at these meetings

1848 – becomes an active participant in the meetings of Petrashevets N.A. Speshnev

1849 – Dostoevsky, along with other Petrashevsky members, was arrested. During the investigation, the writer denies all the charges brought against him. He does not betray any of his comrades, citing ignorance. But the military court recognizes Dostoevsky as “one of the most important criminals” and, accusing him of criminal plans against the government, sentences him to death.

But Emperor Nicholas I personally adds:

“Announce a pardon only at the moment when everything is ready for the execution.”

The mock execution took place on December 22, 1849. She was replaced by 4 years of hard labor followed by assignment to the rank and file.

1850-1854 – Dostoevsky serves his sentence in the Omsk prison. Then he is enlisted as a soldier in the Siberian Line Battalion.

At this time, Dostoevsky is a famous writer and thanks to this he becomes a friend of the regional prosecutor Wrangel, who was present at the execution of the Petrashevites in the winter of 1849. This gives Fyodor Mikhailovich the opportunity to visit high society (where he also meets Ch. Valikhanov, a prominent Kazakh figure with whom he maintains contact even after exile). Thanks to this acquaintance, private Dostoevsky received the rank of officer on October 1, 1856, and a little earlier his title of nobility was returned to him.

1859 – Dostoevsky receives permission to move first to Tver, then to St. Petersburg;

Here he publishes the story "Uncle's Dream" (1859),

"The village of Stepanchikovo and its inhabitants" (1859),

novel "The Humiliated and Insulted" (1861).

1861-1862 – the largest work written shortly after hard labor and about hard labor appears - “Notes from the House of the Dead”.

1862-1863 – Dostoevsky travels around Europe with Apollinaria Suslova. Soon she is forced to leave him due to Dostoevsky’s strong addiction to roulette (he lost everything, including her jewelry).

Returning to Russia, Dostoevsky actively participates in public life. During these years, he became close to the literary critic A.A. Grigoriev and the philosopher N.N. Strakhov.

1861 – Dostoevsky, together with his brother Mikhail, publishes the magazine “Time”.

In April 1863, the magazine "Time" was closed by censorship for the article "The Fatal Question" dedicated to the Polish uprising, written by employee N.N. Strakhov.

1864-1865– Mikhail Dostoevsky manages to obtain a license to publish a new magazine, which became known as “Epoch”. One of the collaborators is again Fyodor Mikhailovich, who at the same time wrote “Notes from the Underground” (1864).

Left without a livelihood due to losses at roulette, Dostoevsky enters into an agreement with the book publisher Stellovsky, according to which the writer undertakes to write a new novel by November 1, 1866 for the collected works of his works that are being prepared for publication. If this clause of the contract is not fulfilled, the writer loses ownership of all his works for nine years.

When there is a month left before the deadline, Dostoevsky, on the advice of friends, hires stenographer A.G. Snitkina and dictates the novel “The Player” to her in 28 days.

1867 – Dostoevsky marries Snitkina (Dostoevsky’s first wife M.D. Isaeva, whom he married while still in exile, died in 1864 from tuberculosis).

1867-1871 - the writer, together with his new wife, spent these years abroad, escaping from creditors, only occasionally coming to Russia. They alternately live in Dresden, Berlin, Basel, Geneva and Florence. Here he witnesses the Franco-Prussian War and the Paris Commune of 1871. Only at the end of 1871, after the writer managed to partially pay off his debts, did he return to St. Petersburg

1873-1874 – Dostoevsky edits the magazine "Citizen", where he begins to publish "The Diary of a Writer", which he continued to publish in separate issues monthly in 1876-1877, one issue in 1880, one in 1881.

"Poor People" (1846)

"Humiliated and Insulted" (1861)

"The Gambler" (1866)

"Crime and Punishment" (1866)

"The Idiot" (1868)

"Demons" (1871-72)

"Teenager" (1875)

"The Brothers Karamazov" (1879-80)

"Double" (1846)

"Mistress" (1847)

"Weak Heart" (1848)

"White Nights" (1848)

“Netochka Nezvanova” (1849, unfinished)

"Uncle's Dream" (1859)

“The village of Stenanchikovo and its inhabitants” (1859)

"Notes from Underground" (1864)

Stories:

"Mr. Prokharchin" (1846)

"Crawlers" (1848)

"Honest Thief" (1848)

"The Little Hero" (1849, published 1857)

"A Bad Joke" (1862)

"The Eternal Husband" (1870)

"Bobok" (1873)

"The Boy at Christ's Christmas Tree" (1876)

"The Meek" (1876)

"The Dream of a Funny Man" (1877)

book “Notes from the House of the Dead” (1860-62, completely - 1862)

“Winter Notes on Summer Impressions” (1863)

Journalism and literary criticism, incl. article “Bookishness and Literacy” (Articles 1-2, 1861)

“A Writer’s Diary” (1873-81, with 1876 separate issues, monthly in 1876-77; included, in particular, articles “Old People”, 1873; “A few words about Georges-Zande”, 1876; cycles of articles about “Anna Karenina" by L. N. Tolstoy and about N. A. Nekrasov, both 1877)

Speech about Pushkin (1880)

Writer's Word

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (1821 - 1881)

The Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow is my father’s place of work.

Living room

Children's

Main Engineering School in St. Petersburg

Dostoevsky's first work, the novel “Poor People,” was written in epistolary form.

Features of the writer's creative style:

Literary dating

The young writer is a passionate political dreamer

On April 22, 1849, together with other Petrashevites, he was arrested and imprisoned in the Alekseevsky ravelin of the Peter and Paul Fortress.

On December 22, 1849, the convicts were taken to the Semenovsky parade ground, where pillars, white shirts-shrouds and a military team were ready for execution

Publishing magazines with the participation of brother Mikhail and critics A.A. Grigoriev and N.N. Strakhov (1861-1865)

"Crime and Punishment"

1867 - marriage to stenographer Anna Grigorievna Snitkina. Living abroad for 4 years.

Dresden

Wiesbaden

80s