Oral literary magazine "Good Writer", dedicated to the work of M.M. Prishvina. The problem of the similarity between the life of nature and human life. Based on the text by Prishvin. The old hunter Manuylo knew the time like a rooster without a watch... (Unified State Examination Arguments)

Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) NN is written.

Prishvin’s life is an example of how a person renounced everything superficial that was imposed on him (1) by the environment, and began to live only at the behest of his heart, in accordance with his inner (2) world. Prishvin's books are an endless joy of constant (3) discoveries, his prose is filled (4) with poetry.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Here's the correct spelling:

1. imposedNo - short participle, N;

2. internalNim - from noun. gut using ENN;

3. constants - historically a suffixal derivative of standing “to continue, to hold on.”;

4. filledNa - short participle, N.

Answer: 2, 3.

Answer: 23|32

Relevance: Used since 2015

Difficulty: advanced

Rule: Writing N and NN in words different parts speech. Task 15.

SPELLING -Н-/-НН- IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH.

Traditionally, it is the most difficult topic for students, since the justified writing of N or NN is possible only with knowledge of morphological and word-formation laws. The "Help" material summarizes and systematizes all the rules of the topic N and NN from school textbooks and gives Additional information from reference books by V.V. Lopatin and D.E. Rosenthal to the extent necessary to complete the Unified State Examination tasks.

14.1 N and NN in denominative adjectives (formed from nouns).

14.1.1 Two NNs in suffixes

NN is written in adjective suffixes, If:

1) the adjective is formed from a noun with a stem in N using the suffix N: foggyH+H → foggy; karmanN+N → pocket, cardboardN+N → cardboard

ancient (from old + N), picturesque (from picture + N), deep (from depth + N), outlandish (from outlandish + N), remarkable (from dozen + N), true (from truth + N), corvée ( from corvee + N), communal (from obshchNA + N), long (from length + N)

note: the word "strange" from the point of view modern language does not contain the suffix N and is not related to the word “country”. But historically, NV can be explained: a person from a foreign country was considered a dissident, a stranger, an outsider.

The spelling of the word “genuine” can also be explained etymologically: genuine in Ancient Rus' the name was the truth that the defendant spoke “under long sticks” - special long sticks or whips.

2) the adjective is formed from the noun by adding the suffix -ENN-, -ONN: cranberry (cranberry), revolutionary (revolution), solemn (triumph).

Exception: windy (but: windless).

Note:

There are adjective words in which N is part of the root. These words must be remembered. They were not formed from nouns:

crimson, green, spicy, drunk, porky, red, ruddy, young.

14.1.2. N is written in adjective suffixes

N is written in adjective suffixes, If:

1) the adjective has the suffix -IN- ( dove, mouse, nightingale, tiger). Words with this suffix often mean “whose”: dove, mouse, nightingale, tiger.

2) the adjective has the suffixes -AN-, -YAN- ( sandy, leathery, oatmeal, earthy). Words with this suffix often mean “made of something”: from sand, from leather, from oats, from earth.

Exceptions: GLASS, TIN, WOODEN.

14.2. N and NN in suffixes of words formed from verbs. Full forms.

As you know, both participles and adjectives (=verbal adjectives) can be formed from verbs. The rules for writing N and NN in these words are different.

14.2.1 НН in suffixes of full participles and verbal adjectives

In the suffixes of full participles and verbal adjectives, NN is written if AT LEAST ONE of the conditions is met:

1) the word is formed from a verb perfect form, WITH OR WITHOUT A PRESET, for example:

from verbs buy, redeem (what to do?, perfect form): bought, redeemed;

from verbs throw, abandon (what to do?, perfect form): abandoned-abandoned.

The prefix does NOT change the type of participle and does not affect the spelling of the suffix. Any other prefix makes the word look perfect

2) the word has the suffixes -OVA-, -EVA- even in imperfect words ( MARINATED, PAVED, AUTOMATED).

3) with a word formed from a verb, there is a dependent word, that is, it forms a participial phrase, for example: Ice cream in the refrigerator, boiled in broth).

NOTE: In cases where the full participle turns into an adjective in a specific sentence, the spelling does not change. For example: Excited With this message, the father spoke loudly and did not hold back his emotions. The highlighted word is the participle in participial phrase, excited how? with this message. We change the sentence: His face was EXCITED, and there is no longer a participle, there is no phrase, because the face cannot be “excited,” and this is an adjective. In such cases, they talk about the transition of participles to adjectives, but writing NN this fact doesn't have any effect.

More examples: The girl was very ORGANIZED And brought up. Here both words are adjectives. The girl was not “educated”, and she was always well-mannered; these are constant signs. Let's change the sentences: We were in a hurry to a meeting organized by our partners. Mom, who was brought up in strictness, raised us just as strictly.. And now the highlighted words are participles.

In such cases, in the explanation of the task we write: adjective formed from participle or adjective transferred from participle.

Exceptions: unexpected, unexpected, unseen, unheard of, accidental, slow, desperate, sacred, desired..

note to the fact that from a number of exceptions the words counted (minutes), done (indifference). These words are written in general rule.

Let's add some more words here:

forged, pecked, chewed eva/ova are part of the root, these are not suffixes to write NN. But when prefixes appear, they are written according to the general rule: Chewed, shod, pecked.

wounded is written one N. Compare: Wounded in battle(two N, because a dependent word appeared); Wounded, perfect appearance, there is a prefix).

clever, it is difficult to determine the type of word.

14.2. 2 One N in verbal adjectives

In suffixes of verbal adjectives N is written if:

the word is formed from an imperfective verb, that is, answers the question what did you do with the item? and the word in the sentence has no dependent words.

stewed(it was stewed) meat,

shorn(they cut) their hair,

boiled(they boiled it) potatoes,

scrap(they broke it) line,

stained(it was stained) oak (dark as a result of special treatment),

BUT: As soon as these adjective words have a dependent word, they immediately become participles and are written with two N.

braised in the oven(it was stewed) meat,

recently cut(they cut) their hair,

steamed(they boiled it) potatoes.

DISTINGUISH between: participles (right) and adjectives (left) different meanings! Stressed vowels are highlighted in capital letters.

sworn brother, sworn sister- a person who is not biologically related to this person, but who agreed to a brotherly (sisterly) relationship voluntarily. - the address I gave;

planted father (acting as the parent of the bride or groom at wedding ceremony). - seated at the table;

dowry (property given to the bride by her family for life in marriage) - a dowry of a chic look;

Betrothed (this is what the groom is called, from the word fate) - narrowed skirt, from the word narrow, make narrow)

Forgiveness Sunday (religious holiday) - forgiven by me;

pissing beauty(epithet, phraseological unit) - oil painting.

14.2.3. Writing N and NN in compound adjectives

Included compound word the spelling of a verbal adjective does not change:

A) the first part is formed from imperfect verbs, which means we write N: plain dyed (paint), hot-rolled, homespun, variegated, gold-woven (weave); whole-cut cut), gold-forged (forge), little-traveled (ride), little-traveled (walk), little-worn (wear), lightly salted (salt), finely crushed (crushed), freshly quenched (quench), freshly frozen (freeze) and others.

b) the second part of a compound word is formed from a perfective prefix verb, which means we write NN: smooth O painted ( O paint), fresh behind ice cream ( behind freeze) etc.).

In the second part of complex formations N is written, although there is a prefix PERE-: Ironed-re-ironed, patched-re-patched, worn-worn, washed-rewashed, shot-re-shot, darned-redarned.

Thus, you can complete tasks according to the following algorithm:

14.3. N and NN in short adjectives and short participles

Both participles and adjectives have not only full, but also short forms.

Rule: In short participles one N is always written.

Rule: IN short adjectives There are as many N written as in the full form.

But to apply the rules, you need distinguish between adjectives and participles.

DISTINGUISH between short adjectives and participles:

1) on the issue: short adjectives - what? what? what are they? what? what?, short participle - what is done? what's done? what is done? what have been done?

2) by value(a short participle relates to an action, can be replaced with a verb; a short adjective characterizes the word being defined, but does not report the action);

3) by the presence of a dependent word(short adjectives do not and cannot have, short participles have).

14.4. One or two Hs can also be written in adverbs.

In adverbs starting with -O/-E the same number of Ns are written as there are in the original word, For example: calmly with one H, as in an adjective calm suffix N; slowly with NN, as in an adjective slow NN; enthusiastically with NN, as in participle PASSIONATE NN.

Despite the apparent simplicity of this rule, there is a problem with distinguishing between adverbs, short participles and short adjectives. For example, in the word concentration (Н, НН)о it is impossible to choose one or another spelling WITHOUT knowing what this word is in a sentence or phrase.

DISTINGUISH between short adjectives, short participles and adverbs.

1) on the issue: short adjectives - what? what? what are they? what? what?, short participle - what is done? what's done? what is done? what have been done? adverbs: how?

2) by value(a short participle relates to an action, can be replaced with a verb; a short adjective characterizes the word being defined, but does not report the action); adverb denotes a sign of an action, how it occurs)

3) by role in the sentence:(short adjectives and short participles are often predicates, but an adverb

refers to the verb and is a circumstance)

14.5. N and NN in nouns

1.In nouns (as well as in short adjectives and adverbs) the same number of N is written as in the adjectives (participles) from which they are formed:

Words are formed from adjectives

relative from related, third-party from third-party, like-minded from like-minded, (malicious, complicit), placed from, drowned from drowned, number from number, compatriot from compatriot) and many others.

2. Nouns can also be formed from verbs and other nouns.

Note on the table: *Words that are written with N and are not formed from adjectives (participles) are rare in the Russian language. They need to be learned by heart.

NN is also written in words traveler(from traveling) predecessor(precede)

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin

Green noise

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin

If nature could feel gratitude to man for penetrating into her secret life and sang of her beauty, then first of all this gratitude would fall to the lot of the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin.

Mikhail Mikhailovich was the name for the city. And in those places where Prishvin was “at home” - in the guards’ guardhouses, in fog-shrouded river floodplains, under the clouds and stars of the Russian field sky - they simply called him “Mikhalych”. And, obviously, they were upset when this amazing man, memorable at first sight, disappeared into the cities, where only swallows nesting under iron roofs reminded him of the vastness of his crane homeland.

Prishvin's life is proof that a person should always strive to live according to his calling: “According to the dictates of his heart.” This way of life is the greatest common sense, because a person who lives according to his heart and in complete agreement with his inner world- always a creator, enricher and artist.

It is unknown what Prishvin would have created if he had remained an agronomist (this was his first profession). In any case, he would hardly have revealed Russian nature to millions of people as a world of the most subtle and luminous poetry. He just didn't have enough time for it. Nature requires a keen eye and intense internal work to create in the writer’s soul a kind of “second world” of nature, enriching us with thoughts and ennobling us with the beauty seen by the artist.

If we carefully read everything written by Prishvin, we will be convinced that he did not have time to tell us even a hundredth part of what he saw and knew so perfectly.

For such masters as Prishvin, one life is not enough - for masters who can write a whole poem about every leaf flying from a tree. And an innumerable number of these leaves fall.

Prishvin came from the ancient Russian city of Yelets. Bunin also came from these same places, just like Prishvin, who knew how to perceive nature in organic connection with human thoughts and moods.

How can we explain this? It is obvious that the nature of the eastern part of the Oryol region, the nature around Yelets, is very Russian, very simple and essentially poor. And in this simplicity and even some severity lies the key to Prishvin’s literary vigilance. In simplicity, all the wonderful qualities of the earth appear more clearly, and the human gaze becomes sharper.

Simplicity, of course, is closer to the heart than the lush brilliance of colors, the sparklers of sunsets, the boiling of stars and the varnished vegetation of the tropics, reminiscent of powerful waterfalls, entire Niagaras of leaves and flowers.

Prishvin's biography is sharply divided into two. The beginning of life followed the beaten path - a merchant family, a strong life, a gymnasium, service as an agronomist in Klin and Luga, the first agronomic book “Potatoes in field and garden culture.”

It would seem that everything is going smoothly and naturally in the everyday sense, along the so-called “official path.” And suddenly - a sharp turning point. Prishvin quits his service and goes on foot to the north, to Karelia, with a knapsack, a hunting rifle and a notebook.

Life is at stake. Prishvin doesn’t know what will happen to him next. He obeys only the voice of his heart, the invincible attraction to be among the people and with the people, to listen to their amazing language, to write down fairy tales, beliefs, and signs.

Essentially, Prishvin's life changed so dramatically because of his love for the Russian language. He went out in search of the treasures of this language, like its heroes " Ship thicket"we went in search of a distant, almost fabulous ship grove.

After the north, Prishvin wrote his first book, “In the Land of Unfrightened Birds.” Since then he has become a writer.

All of Prishvin’s further creativity seemed to be born in wanderings around home country. Prishvin set out and traveled all over Central Russia, the North, Kazakhstan and Far East. After each trip there appeared new story, then a story, or just a short entry in a diary. But all of these works by Prishvin were significant and original, from a precious speck of dust - an entry in a diary, to a large stone sparkling with diamond facets - a story or story.

You can write a lot about each writer, trying to the best of your ability to express all the thoughts and feelings that arise in us when reading his books. But it’s difficult, almost impossible, to write about Prishvin. You need to write him down for yourself in treasured notebooks, re-read from time to time, discovering new treasures in every line of his prose-poetry, going into his books, as we go along barely noticeable paths in dense forest with its conversation of springs, the trembling of leaves, the fragrance of herbs - plunging into various thoughts and states characteristic of this pure mind and the heart of a person.

Prishvin thought of himself as a poet “crucified on the cross of prose.” But he was wrong. His prose is much more filled with the purest juice of poetry than other poems and poems.

Prishvin's books, in his own words, are “the endless joy of constant discoveries.”

Several times I heard from people who had just put down Prishvin’s book they had read, the same words: “This is real witchcraft!”

From further conversation it became clear that by these words people understood the difficult to explain, but obvious, inherent only to Prishvin, charm of his prose.

What is his secret? What is the secret of these books? The words “witchcraft” and “magic” usually refer to fairy tales. But Prishvin is not a storyteller. He is a man of the earth, “the mother of the damp earth,” a participant and witness of everything that happens around him in the world.

The secret of Prishvin's charm, the secret of his witchcraft, lies in his vigilance.

This is the vigilance that reveals something interesting and significant in every little thing, that under the sometimes boring cover of the phenomena surrounding us sees the deep content of earthly life. The most insignificant aspen leaf lives its own intelligent life.

I take Prishvin’s book, open it at random and read:

“The night passed under a large, clear moon, and by morning the first frost had settled. Everything was gray, but the puddles did not freeze. When the sun appeared and warmed up, the trees and grass were bathed in such heavy dew, the spruce branches looked out from the dark forest with such luminous patterns that the diamonds of our entire land would not have been enough for this decoration.”

In this truly diamond piece of prose, everything is simple, precise and everything is full of undying poetry.

Take a closer look at the words in this passage, and you will agree with Gorky when he said that Prishvin had the perfect ability to impart through flexible combination simple words an almost physical palpability to everything he depicted.

But this is not enough. Prishvin’s language is a folk language, precise and figurative at the same time, a language that could only be formed in close communication between Russian people and nature, in work, in great simplicity, wisdom and tranquility folk character.

A few words: “The night passed under the big clear moon” - accurately convey the silent and majestic flow of the night over the sleeping huge country. And “the frost lay down” and “the trees were covered with heavy dew” - all this is folk, living and in no way overheard or taken from notebook. This is your own, your own. Because Prishvin was a man of the people, and not just an observer of the people, as is the case

If nature could feel gratitude to man for penetrating into her secret life and singing its beauty, then first of all this gratitude would fall to the lot of the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin.

Prishvin’s life is proof that a person should always strive to live according to his calling: “According to the dictates of his heart.” This way of life contains the greatest common sense, because a person who lives according to his heart and in complete harmony with his inner world is always a creator, an enricher and an artist.

It is unknown what Prishvin would have created if he had remained an agronomist (this was his first profession). In any case, he would hardly have revealed Russian nature to millions of people as a world of the most subtle and luminous poetry. He just didn't have enough time for it. Nature requires a close eye and intense internal work to create in the writer’s soul a kind of “second world” of nature, enriching us with thoughts and ennobling us with the beauty seen by the artist.

If we carefully read everything written by Prishvin, we will be convinced that he did not have time to tell us even a hundredth part of what he saw and knew so perfectly.

For such masters as Prishvin, one life is not enough - for masters who can write a whole poem about every leaf flying from a tree. And an innumerable number of these leaves fall.

Prishvin's biography is sharply divided into two. The beginning of life followed the beaten path - a merchant family, a strong life, a gymnasium, service as an agronomist in Klin and Luga, the first agronomic book “Potatoes in field and garden culture.”

It would seem that everything is going smoothly and naturally in the everyday sense, along the so-called “official path.” And suddenly - a sharp turning point. Prishvin quits his service and goes on foot to the north, to Karelia, with a knapsack, a hunting rifle and a notebook.

Life is at stake. Prishvin doesn’t know what will happen to him next. He obeys only the voice of his heart, the invincible attraction to be among the people and with the people, to listen to their amazing language, to write down fairy tales, beliefs, and signs.

Essentially, Prishvin's life changed so dramatically because of his love for the Russian language. He went in search of the treasures of this language, just as the heroes of his “Ship Thicket” went in search of a distant, almost fabulous ship grove.

After the north, Prishvin wrote his first book, “In the Land of Unfrightened Birds.” Since then he has become a writer.

All of Prishvin’s further creativity seemed to be born in wanderings around his native country. Prishvin set out and traveled all over Central Russia, the North, Kazakhstan and the Far East. After each trip, either a new story, or a novella, or just a short entry in a diary appeared. But all of these works by Prishvin were significant and original, from a precious speck of dust - an entry in a diary, to a large stone sparkling with diamond facets - a story or story.

You can write a lot about each writer, trying to the best of your ability to express all the thoughts and feelings that arise in us when reading his books. But it’s difficult, almost impossible, to write about Prishvin. You need to write him down for yourself in treasured notebooks, re-read from time to time, discovering new treasures in every line of his prose-poetry, going into his books, as we go along barely noticeable paths into a dense forest with its conversation of springs, trembling of leaves, fragrance herbs - plunging into various thoughts and states characteristic of this pure mind and heart person.

Prishvin’s books, in his own words, are “the endless joy of constant discoveries.”

Several times I heard the same words from people who had just put down a book by Prishvin they had read: “This is real witchcraft!”

From further conversation it became clear that by these words people understood the difficult to explain, but obvious, inherent only to Prishvin, charm of his prose.

What is his secret? What is the secret of these books? The words “witchcraft” and “magic” usually refer to fairy tales. But Prishvin is not a storyteller. He is a man of the earth, “the mother of the damp earth,” a participant and witness of everything that happens around him in the world.

The secret of Prishvin's charm, the secret of his witchcraft, lies in his vigilance.

This is the vigilance that reveals something interesting and significant in every little thing, that under the sometimes boring cover of the phenomena surrounding us sees the deep content of earthly life. The most insignificant aspen leaf lives its own intelligent life.

I take Prishvin’s book, open it at random and read:

“The night passed under a large, clear moon, and by morning the first frost had settled. Everything was gray, but the puddles did not freeze. When the sun appeared and warmed up, the trees and grass were bathed in such heavy dew, the spruce branches looked out from the dark forest with such luminous patterns that the diamonds of our entire land would not have been enough for this decoration.”

In this truly diamond piece of prose, everything is simple, precise and everything is full of undying poetry.

Take a closer look at the words in this passage, and you will agree with Gorky when he said that Prishvin had the perfect ability to impart, through a flexible combination of simple words, almost physical perceptibility to everything that he depicted.

But this is not enough. Prishvin’s language is a folk language, precise and figurative at the same time, a language that could only be formed in close communication between Russian people and nature, in work, in the great simplicity, wisdom and tranquility of the people’s character.

A few words: “The night passed under the big clear moon” - absolutely accurately convey the silent and majestic flow of the night over the sleeping huge country. And “the frost lay down” and “the trees were covered with heavy dew” - all this is folk, living and in no way overheard or taken from a notebook. This is your own, your own. Because Prishvin was a man of the people, and not just an observer of the people, as, unfortunately, often happens with some of our writers.

The earth is given to us for life. How can we not be grateful to that person who revealed to us all the simple beauty of this land, whereas before him we knew about it unclearly, scatteredly, in fits and starts.

Among the many slogans put forward by our time, perhaps such a slogan, such an appeal addressed to writers, has a right to exist:

“Enrich people! Give everything you have until the end, and never reach out for a return, for a reward. All hearts are opened with this key.”

Generosity is a high quality in a writer, and Prishvin was distinguished by this generosity.

Days and nights come and go on earth, full of their fleeting charm, the days and nights of autumn and winter, spring and summer. Among the worries and labors, joys and sorrows, we forget the strings of these days, now blue and deep as the sky, now silent under the gray canopy of clouds, now warm and foggy, now filled with the rustle of the first snow.

We forget about the morning dawns, about how the master of the nights, Jupiter, sparkles with a crystalline drop of water.

We forget about many things that should not be forgotten. And Prishvin in his books, as it were, turns back the calendar of nature and returns us to the content of each lived and forgotten day.

The writer accumulates an understanding of life slowly, over the years, from youth to adulthood, in close communication with the people. And that one also accumulates huge world poetry that ordinary Russian people live by every day.

Prishvin’s nationality is integral, clearly expressed and unclouded by anything.

In his view of the earth, of people and of everything earthly, there is an almost childlike clarity of vision. A great poet almost always sees the world through the eyes of a child, as if he were really seeing it for the first time. Otherwise, huge layers of life would be tightly closed from him by the state of an adult - who knows a lot and is used to everything.

Seeing the unusual in the familiar and the familiar in the unusual - this is the quality of real artists. Prishvin owned this property entirely, and owned it directly.

Prishvin's life was the life of an inquisitive, active and simple man. No wonder he said that “the greatest happiness is not to consider yourself special, but to be like all people.”

Prishvin’s strength obviously lies in this “to be like everyone else.” “To be like everyone else” for a writer means the desire to be a collector and exponent of all the best that these “everyone” live with, in other words, how his people, his peers, his country live.

Prishvin had a teacher - the people and there were predecessors. He became only a complete exponent of that trend in our science and literature, which reveals the deepest poetry of knowledge.

In any area human knowledge lies the abyss of poetry. Many poets should have understood this long ago.

How much more effective and majestic the theme of the starry sky, beloved by poets, would become if they knew astronomy well!

It’s one thing - a night over forests, with a faceless and therefore expressionless sky, and a completely different thing - the same night when the poet knows the laws of motion of the stellar sphere and when the black water of autumn lakes reflects not just any constellation at all, but the brilliant and sad Orion .

There are many examples of how the most insignificant knowledge opens up new areas of poetry for us. Everyone has their own experience in this regard.

Knowledge exists for Prishvin as a joy, as a necessary quality of work and that creativity of our time, in which Prishvin participates in his own way, in the Prishvin way, as a kind of guide, leading us by the hand to all the amazing corners of Russia and infecting us with love for this wonderful country.

a sense of nature is one of the foundations of patriotism.

Alexey Maksimovich Gorky encouraged writers to learn Russian from Prishvin.

Prishvin's language is precise, simple and at the same time very picturesque in its colloquialism. It is multi-colored and subtle.

Prishvin loves folk terms, which by their very sound convey well the subject to which they relate. It’s worth reading at least “The Northern Forest” carefully to be convinced of this.

Botanists have the term “forbs.” It usually refers to flowering meadows. Forbs are a tangle of hundreds of diverse and cheerful flowers, spread out in continuous carpets along the floodplains of rivers. These are thickets of carnations, bedstraw, lungwort, gentian, tributary grass, chamomile, mallow, plantain, wolf's bast, drowsiness, St. John's wort, chicory and many other flowers.

Prishvin’s prose can rightfully be called “a variety of herbs of the Russian language.” Prishvin’s words bloom and sparkle. They are full of freshness and light. They rustle like leaves, they mutter like springs, they whistle like birds, they ring like the fragile first ice, and finally they lie down in our memory in a slow formation, like the movement of stars over the edge of a forest.

It was not without reason that Turgenev spoke about the magical wealth of the Russian language. But he, perhaps, did not think that there was still no end to these magical possibilities, that each new real writer will increasingly reveal this magic of our language.

In Prishvin's stories, short stories and geographical essays, everything is united by a person - a restless, thinking person with an open and courageous soul.

Prishvin's great love for nature was born from his love for man. All his books are full of kindred attention to man and to the land where this man lives and works. Therefore, Prishvin defines culture as a family connection between people.

Prishvin writes about a person, as if squinting slightly from his insight. He is not interested in superficial things. He is interested in the essence of man, the dream that lives in everyone’s heart, be it a lumberjack, a shoemaker, a hunter or a famous scientist.

To pull his innermost dream out of a person - that is the task! And this is difficult to do. A person hides nothing as deeply as his dream. Perhaps because she cannot stand the slightest ridicule and, of course, cannot stand the touch of indifferent hands.

Only a like-minded person can trust your dream. Prishvin was such a like-minded person among our unknown dreamers.

We are deeply grateful to Prishvin. We are grateful for the joy of each new day, which turns blue at dawn and makes the heart beat young. We believe in Mikhail Mikhailovich and together with him we know that there are still many meetings and thoughts and magnificent work ahead and, sometimes clear, sometimes foggy days, when a yellow willow leaf, smelling of bitterness and cold, flies into the calm waters. We know that a ray of sunshine will definitely break through the fog and this pure one will light up fabulously underneath it light clean gold, as Prishvin’s stories light up for us - as light, simple and beautiful as this leaf.

In his writing, Prishvin was a winner. I can’t help but remember his words: “If even the wild swamps alone were witnesses of your victory, then they too will flourish with extraordinary beauty - and spring will remain in you forever.”

Yes, the spring of Prishvin’s prose will remain forever in the hearts of our people and in the life of our Soviet literature.

K. Paustovsky

Lesson topic. Creativity M.M. Prishvina.

“I write about nature, but I myself only think about people”

MM. Prishvin.

Lesson type: lesson on learning new material with elements creative activity students.

Purpose of the lesson: introduction with the creativity of M.M. Prishvin, skills training independent work with a book.

Lesson objectives:

educational - introduce the works of M. Prishvin, develop the skill of conscious reading and comprehension of what is read, promote the acquisition of the necessary skills of independent learning activities;

correctional and developmental - develop in students visually - creative thinking, visual and auditory attention throughout the lesson and when working with text and cards;

educational - promote education careful attitude to the surrounding nature, caring attitude towards animals, desire to protect nature and its inhabitants,

Equipment:

Class design: artificial trees, paintings depicting autumn;

^ Board design : portrait of M.M. Prishvin, demonstration material (color illustrations of forest animals: bear, fox, hedgehog, mouse, squirrel, bunny, duck with ducklings, wolf), diagram of the cycle of nature people-plants-animals.

^ Handout:

1) pictures of animals for coloring with samples, the same on the board, felt-tip pens, colored pencils;

2) library sheets with illustrations for stories by M.M. Prishvin, cards with text corresponding to these illustrations, glue sticks;

3) layouts artificial trees, green gouache, cups for planting trees, clay, sponges, napkins;

4) books by M.M. Prishvina on every table for acquaintance and reading;

5) pieces of black bread (for a taste illustration for the story “Fox Bread”;

6) apples (for a taste illustration for the story “Hedgehog;”

7) reminders with the words of M.M. Prishvina.

^ Exhibition of books by M.M. Prishvin;

Media projector, PC, computer presentation.

During the classes.

The text of the slides is highlighted in red.

^ Organizing time: Deep breath, exhale. They looked at each other, smiled, and sat down quietly. We tuned in for an interesting, educational lesson.

TEACHER: Hello guys. Look around, do you know where you are now? In library. What is a library? It’s a house where books live, a “bookish” house. Look how many books there are on special shelves - racks. These books were written for you different writers and poets. Look at their portraits, and these are not all the authors who write books for children. Readers come to the library, these are people who read books. When there are few readers, books, books and little books become very upset; they have no one to tell their stories to. They say that at night, when all the people are sleeping, the rustling and rustling of pages can be heard in libraries. These are the heroes of the works telling each other their stories, which are written about in books, because they have no one else to tell them to, since students rush home after school and are in no hurry to go to the library. But today they are happy: How many children came to visit them!

^ Conversation with students.

TEACHER: Guys, why should you read?

CHILDREN - To know a lot;

CHILDREN - Learn different stories;

CHILDREN - Learn from the examples of heroes of works, how to behave in different situations;

CHILDREN - Become smarter, which means study better.

Portrait of a Writer ( Slide 1)

He has not been with us for many years, but his books live on and continue to delight us. Look around, there are clues here. What did this writer write about? ^ ABOUT NATURE.

If nature could feel gratitude to man for penetrating into her secret life and singing its beauty, then, first of all, this gratitude would fall to the lot of the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin, said another writer Konstantin Paustovsky. (Slide 2)

TEACHER: Prishvin’s life is proof that a person should always strive to live according to his calling, “according to the dictates of his heart.”

M.M. Prishvin was born on February 4, 1873. in the village of Khrushchev, Oryol province, in an impoverished merchant family. The beginning of life followed the beaten path - a merchant family, a strong life. (

Slide 3) The village of Khrushchevo was a small village with thatched roofs and earthen floors. Near the village, divided by a low rampart, there was a landowner’s estate, next to the estate there was a church, next to the church there was Popovka, where the priest, deacon and psalm-reader lived.”

TEACHER:( Slide 4). From the living room a door led to a large terrace, from which there was a linden alley with hundred-year-old trees. IN native land The beauty of Russian forests and fields was revealed to the future writer.

^ M.M.'s mother Prishvina, Maria Ivanovna (1842-1914) (Slide 5)

TEACHER: She taught him to get up early, before sunrise, when nature awakens and reveals its secrets to man. She herself worked hard to give all her five children a good education, as they said then, “bring it to the people.”

^ In 1883 the boy entered the Yeletsk gymnasium. (Slide 6)

TEACHER: Since childhood, M. Prishvin was very inquisitive and often asked adults “stupid questions.” There were few people who had the patience to answer them. More often they said: “You’re still small, you won’t understand!” I really wanted to know a lot of things, which meant I had to grow. And he grew. Suddenly the time came to leave for the city, to the gymnasium. During the training, the main event was the escape to an unknown country in Asia. As a first-grader, he persuaded two friends, and one September morning, they boarded a boat and went to... Asia to seek their fortune. They were caught and returned home the next morning. But these days Misha enjoyed an amazing feeling of freedom, the joy of communicating with living nature. He remembered this day for the rest of his life.

Then Prishvin graduated from high school and served as an agronomist in Crimea. And suddenly - a sharp turning point. Prishvin quits his service and goes on foot to the north, to Karelia, with a knapsack, a hunting rifle and a notebook. He wrote a book about this journey.

During the First World War, Prishvin was a war correspondent. After 1917, he again left for the village and returned to the profession of an agronomist. He worked as a teacher in a rural school, a librarian, and even was a school director. (Slide 7)

TEACHER: But most of all he loved to travel

Prishvin will travel a lot, he will travel almost the entire country and write about the Far East, Central Asia, the Caucasus, Crimea as if he had lived in these parts for many years, but his heart will forever be given to the Russian North. (Slide 8)

He will write many books about everything he saw on his travels.

^ Images of book covers written by the writer. (Slide 9)

TEACHER: Guys, look, you also have books by M.M. on the table. Prishvina, read their names.

TEACHER: All the writer’s works are imbued with admiration for the beauty of nature and man, her friend and owner. Addressing the young reader, the artist claims that the world is full of miracles. For him there are no plants at all, but there are porcini mushrooms, bloody berry of the stone fruit, blue blueberry, red lingonberry, cuckoo's tears, valerian, Peter's cross, hare cabbage. For him there are no animals and birds at all, but there are wagtail, crane, crow, heron, bunting, shrew, goose, bee, bumblebee, fox, viper. They “hiss”, “yell”, “squeak”; each of them moves differently. Even trees and plants in Prishvin’s descriptions become alive: dandelions, like children, fall asleep in the evenings and wake up in the morning, like a hero, a mushroom emerges from under the leaves, the forest whispers. That is why, speaking about the animal world, the writer especially highlights motherhood. Prishvin will tell you more than once how a mother risks herself, protecting her cubs from a dog, from an eagle and from other enemies. With a smile, the artist will tell about how animal parents take care of their offspring and teach them. It is unusual for Prishvin’s heroes to destroy defenseless and harmless animals or beat chicks.

TEACHER: Guys, today in class we will visit nature.

^ Conversation with students.

What kind of nature is there?

(Nature can be living and non-living)

What about living nature?
(Wildlife includes birds, people, animals, fish)

What is inanimate nature?
(The sun, air, stones, etc. are all inanimate nature.)

TEACHER: Now we will go to the forest. But before you go for a walk, let’s remember how we behave when visiting, and the rules of behavior in nature.

(Do not litter, do not pick flowers, do not break trees, do not offend animals and insects.) (Slide 10)

TEACHER: Let's Let's close our eyes and dream that we are in the forest. And now we got up and went into an imaginary forest.

Physical exercise.

There is a forest on the mountain

(circular movements with hands)

He's not low, he's not high

(sit down, stand up)

(eyes and hands up)

Two tourists along the path

We walked home from afar

(walking)

They say: “We have never heard such a whistle before.”

(shoulders raised)

TEACHER: Guys, look at the screen, who is it (Hedgehog). (Slide 11)

Let's learn a tongue twister. (Speech gymnastics)

^ I met a hedgehog in a thicket

- How is the weather, hedgehog?

- Fresh,

- And we went home, trembling,

Hunched, cowering two hedgehogs.

Look at the desk. Do you have a book with that title? Eat. Now we will read the story, but we must sit quietly, quietly.

Mystery:

This is the story you will read
Quiet, quiet, quiet...
Once upon a time there lived a gray hedgehog
And his... (hedgehog)

Well done!

Answers on questions. (Slide 12, 13, 14, 15) First, in the presentation, we ask a question, if the children cannot answer, we show a hint, if they cannot answer even with a hint, then we highlight the correct answer in red in the presentation.

• 
  On the shore of the lake
• 
  On the bank of the stream
• 
  Near the house
• 
  Near the road

• 
  In the hat
• 
  In a hat
• 
  In the bag
• 
  Add to cart

• 
  Hairball
• 
  Spiny ball
• 
  Prickly lump
• 
  Gray lump

• 
  Sun
• 
  Lone star.
• 
  Flashlight in the night park
• 
  Moon

- Tree trunks - Pillars - Bear legs - Hunter legs

Why did the hedgehog need a newspaper?

For a nest Instead of a toy For eating For reading

- The owner gave the hedgehog to a friend

- The hedgehog stayed with the owner to live. - The hedgehog ran into the forest

Work in groups: (Slide 16)

1 group: color pictures of animals using patterns

(color the pictures, thereby bringing the animals to life)

2 group: plant a tree and “revive” it

(together with the mentor, they dilute clay, fill the prepared cups with it and plant trees, then apply green paint with a sponge to the paper tree, thereby reviving it.)

Group 3:

1) carefully examine the illustrations on the reading sheets;

3) stick the selected card on the reader’s sheet.

(cards with text are pasted into a reader's sheet, a book page is obtained, then the teacher collects the sheets of paper, makes a cover, punches holes with a hole punch, and secures the book with tape)

^ Sample cards with text.

1.When it got dark, I lit the lamp, and - hello! - the hedgehog ran out from under the bed. He, of course, thought to the lamp that the moon had risen in the forest: when there is a moon, hedgehogs love to run through forest clearings. And so he started running around the room, imagining that it was a forest clearing.

2. Many people think that you can only go into the forest, where there are a lot of bears, and so they will pounce and eat you, and all that will be left of the goat are legs and horns. This is so untrue!

3. The guys saw the ducklings and threw their hats at them. All the time while they were catching ducklings, the mother ran after them with an open beak or flew into different sides several steps in the greatest excitement.

TEACHER:

Game “Say the Word.” We play with first grade.

You can answer in unison.

There's not a bird on the branch -
Small animal
The fur is warm, like a hot water bottle
Who is this... (squirrel)

The squirrel dropped a cone
The bump hit … (bunny)

He slept in a fur coat all winter,
I sucked a brown paw,
And when he woke up, he began to roar.
This is a forest animal... (bear)

Gray wolf in a dense forest
I met a redhead... (fox) .

Fizminutka

Well done guys, are there such animals in our clearing?
(Yes, there are such animals in our clearing.) Show me what they are like?

One day, animals gathered in a clearing: a bear, a duck, a hare, a tiger.
(Children pretend to be animals) .

TEACHER: Now we will read another work, “Fox Bread”. Reads a story.

Conversation with students.

• 
  What mushrooms and berries did he bring to Zinochka?
• 
  How are trees treated?
• 
  What names of herbs do you remember?
• 
  Why does “fox bread” seem tastier to Zinochka than usual?

Fastening:

Nature does not reveal its secrets to every reader. She trusts them to rare, amazing people with a special talent - like M.M. Prishvin. (Slide 17)

TEACHER: Let's learn from this amazing person see, hear, love nature, penetrate its secrets.

-What was our lesson about?

- What did you like most about the lesson?

-In what distinctive feature stories by M. Prishvin?

• 
  They are short and written in accessible language.
• 
  They reveal the secrets of familiar things, and talk about simple things in a new way.

Kindness, love for nature, care for our little brothers.

1. Children, what would you do if you met a boy in the forest who was destroying a bird’s nest? What would you tell him? Is the boy doing the right thing and why?

2. The boy Sasha brought it to school beautiful butterfly and brags about his “booty” to the guys. Do you think it is possible to catch insects and why? What would you say to Sasha?

Mikhail Mikhailovich lived long life, 81 years old. ( Slide 18)

^ Teacher reads a poem

"Old man"

All his life he wandered through the forests

Derevev knew the language,

An old man I know.

He always knew ahead

Among the pines and oak forests,

Where the sweetest berry grows

And where there are plenty of mushrooms.

No one could convey it like that

The beauty of fields and rivers,

And tell me about the forest

How is this man...

M. Tsuranov ( Slide 19)

TEACHER:

Slide 20 (can be given as a homework assignment)

I think it is impossible to finish the lesson without reading the words of the writer, which many have heard and know. He wrote them in his memoirs.

“My young friends! We are the masters of our nature, and for us it is a storehouse of the sun with great treasures of life. Not only must these treasures be protected, they must be opened and shown.

Needed for fish pure water- We will protect our water bodies. There are various valuable animals in the forests, steppes, and mountains - we will protect our forests, steppes, and mountains.

For fish - water, for birds - air, for animals - forest, steppe, mountains. But a person needs a homeland. And protecting nature means protecting the Motherland.”

^ Lesson summary:

TEACHER:

• 
  Name the “important words”

• 
  What are these words for the story? (the main ones, the main idea this story)
• 
  What proverbs or sayings do you know that would fit the meaning of the work “My Motherland”.

• 
  What can you do to save nature? (plant trees, remove garbage, do not pollute water bodies, do not pick flowers)

TEACHER:

The teacher distributes reminders to the children. You will stick reminders with these words in your diary so that they are always with you.

Reflection.

The teacher gives bookmarks to the children and asks them to raise them up if they agree with the words:

^ Nature is rich, but its riches are not endless, and man must use them as a reasonable and caring owner (Slide 21)

TEACHER: Guys, look out the window. Winter is leaving. There are still snowdrifts all around and heavy snow caps on the trees. The birches bent in an arch under the weight of the snow, burying their heads in a snowdrift. Yes, they are so low that you can’t even walk through them, only a hare can run under them. A man is walking through the forest. But this man knows “one simple magic remedy” to help birch trees. He broke out a heavy stick, hit the snow-covered branches, the snow fell from the top, the birch tree jumped up, straightened up and stood, proudly raising its head. So this man goes and frees one tree after another. It is the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin who walks with a magic stick.

Prishvin Mikhail

Green Noise (Compilation)

MIKHAIL MIKHAILOVICH PRISHVIN

If nature could feel gratitude to man for penetrating into her secret life and singing its beauty, then first of all this gratitude would fall to the lot of the writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin.

Mikhail Mikhailovich was the name for the city. And in those places where Prishvin was “at home” - in the guards’ guardhouses, in fog-shrouded river floodplains, under the clouds and stars of the Russian field sky - they called him simply “Mikhalych”. And, obviously, they were upset when this amazing man, memorable at first sight, disappeared into the cities, where only swallows nesting under iron roofs reminded him of the vastness of his crane homeland.

Prishvin's life is proof that a person should always strive to live according to his calling: “According to the dictates of his heart.” This way of life contains the greatest common sense, because a person who lives according to his heart and in complete harmony with his inner world is always a creator, enricher and artist.

It is unknown what Prishvin would have created if he had remained an agronomist (this was his first profession). In any case, he would hardly have revealed Russian nature to millions of people as a world of the most subtle and luminous poetry. He just didn't have enough time for it. Nature requires a close eye and intense internal work to create in the writer’s soul a kind of “second world” of nature, enriching us with thoughts and ennobling us with the beauty seen by the artist.

If we carefully read everything written by Prishvin, we will be convinced that he did not have time to tell us even a hundredth part of what he saw and knew so perfectly.

For such masters as Prishvin, one life is not enough - for masters who can write a whole poem about every leaf flying from a tree. And an innumerable number of these leaves fall.

Prishvin came from the ancient Russian city of Yelets. Bunin also came from these same places, just like Prishvin, who knew how to perceive nature in organic connection with human thoughts and moods.

How can we explain this? It is obvious that the nature of the eastern part of the Oryol region, the nature around Yelets, is very Russian, very simple and essentially poor. And in this simplicity and even some severity lies the key to Prishvin’s literary vigilance. In simplicity, all the wonderful qualities of the earth appear more clearly, and the human gaze becomes sharper.

Simplicity, of course, is closer to the heart than the lush brilliance of colors, the sparklers of sunsets, the boiling of stars and the varnished vegetation of the tropics, reminiscent of powerful waterfalls, entire Niagaras of leaves and flowers.

Prishvin's biography is sharply divided into two. The beginning of life followed the beaten path - a merchant family, a strong life, a gymnasium, service as an agronomist in Klin and Luga, the first agronomic book "Potatoes in field and garden culture."

It would seem that everything is going smoothly and naturally in the everyday sense, along the so-called “official path.” And suddenly - a sharp turning point. Prishvin quits his service and goes on foot to the north, to Karelia, with a knapsack, a hunting rifle and a notebook.

Life is at stake. Prishvin doesn’t know what will happen to him next. He obeys only the voice of his heart, the invincible attraction to be among the people and with the people, to listen to their amazing language, to write down fairy tales, beliefs, and signs.

Essentially, Prishvin's life changed so dramatically because of his love for the Russian language. He went in search of the treasures of this language, just as the heroes of his “Ship Thicket” went in search of a distant, almost fabulous ship grove.

After the north, Prishvin wrote his first book, “In the Land of Unfrightened Birds.” Since then he has become a writer.

All of Prishvin’s further creativity seemed to be born in wanderings around his native country. Prishvin set out and traveled all over Central Russia, the North, Kazakhstan and the Far East. After each trip, either a new story, or a novella, or just a short entry in a diary appeared. But all of these works by Prishvin were significant and original, from a precious speck of dust - an entry in a diary, to a large stone sparkling with diamond facets - a story or story.

You can write a lot about each writer, trying to the best of your ability to express all the thoughts and feelings that arise in us when reading his books. But it’s difficult, almost impossible, to write about Prishvin. You need to write him down for yourself in treasured notebooks, re-read from time to time, discovering new treasures in every line of his prose-poetry, going into his books, as we go along barely noticeable paths into a dense forest with its conversation of springs, trembling of leaves, fragrance herbs - plunging into various thoughts and states characteristic of this person with a pure mind and heart.

Prishvin thought of himself as a poet “crucified on the cross of prose.” But he was wrong. His prose is much more filled with the purest juice of poetry than other poems and poems.

Prishvin's books, in his own words, are “the endless joy of constant discoveries.”

Several times I heard from people who had just put down a book by Prishvin they had read, the same words: “This is real witchcraft!”

From further conversation it became clear that by these words people understood the difficult to explain, but obvious, inherent only to Prishvin, charm of his prose.

What is his secret? What is the secret of these books? The words “witchcraft” and “magic” usually refer to fairy tales. But Prishvin is not a storyteller. He is a man of the earth, “the mother of the damp earth,” a participant and witness of everything that happens around him in the world.

The secret of Prishvin's charm, the secret of his witchcraft, lies in his vigilance.

This is the vigilance that reveals something interesting and significant in every little thing, that under the sometimes boring cover of the phenomena surrounding us sees the deep content of earthly life. The most insignificant aspen leaf lives its own intelligent life.

I take Prishvin’s book, open it at random and read:

“The night passed under a large, clear moon, and by morning the first frost had settled. Everything was gray, but the puddles did not freeze. When the sun appeared and warmed up, the trees and grass were doused with such heavy dew, the spruce branches looked out from the dark forest with such luminous patterns that The diamonds of our entire land would not be enough for this finishing.”

In this truly diamond piece of prose, everything is simple, precise and everything is full of undying poetry.

Take a closer look at the words in this passage, and you will agree with Gorky when he said that Prishvin had the perfect ability to impart, through a flexible combination of simple words, almost physical perceptibility to everything that he depicted.

But this is not enough. Prishvin’s language is a folk language, precise and figurative at the same time, a language that could only be formed in close communication between Russian people and nature, in work, in the great simplicity, wisdom and tranquility of the people’s character.

A few words: “The night passed under the big clear moon” - accurately convey the silent and majestic flow of the night over the sleeping huge country. And “the frost lay down” and “the trees were covered with heavy dew” - all this is folk, living and in no way overheard or taken from a notebook. This is your own, your own. Because Prishvin was a man of the people, and not just an observer of the people, as, unfortunately, often happens with some of our writers.

The earth is given to us for life. How can we not be grateful to that person who revealed to us all the simple beauty of this land, whereas before him we knew about it unclearly, scatteredly, in fits and starts.

Among the many slogans put forward by our time, perhaps such a slogan, such an appeal addressed to writers, has a right to exist:

"Enrich people! Give everything you have to the end, and never reach for a return, for a reward. All hearts are opened with this key."

Generosity is a high quality in a writer, and Prishvin was distinguished by this generosity.

Days and nights come and go on earth, full of their fleeting charm, the days and nights of autumn and winter, spring and summer. Among the worries and labors, joys and sorrows, we forget the strings of these days, now blue and deep as the sky, now silent under the gray canopy of clouds, now warm and foggy, now filled with the rustle of the first snow.